Part I Overall Planning of Any Solaris Installation or Upgrade
This part guides you through planning the installation or upgrade of
the Solaris Operating System when using any installation program.
Chapter 1 Where to Find Solaris Installation Planning Information
This book contains two parts: the high-level planning of your installation
or upgrade and overviews of several technologies that relate to installation.
This chapter provides a roadmap through this book.
Where to Find Planning and System Requirement Information
The Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Planning
for Installation and Upgrade provides system requirements and
high-level planning information, such as planning guidelines for file systems,
and upgrade planning and much more. The following list describes the chapters
in the planning book and provides links to those chapters.
|
Chapter Descriptions
|
Reference
|
|
This chapter describes new features in the Solaris installation programs.
|
Chapter 2, What's New in Solaris Installation
|
|
This chapter provides you with information about decisions you need
to make before you install or upgrade the Solaris OS. Examples are deciding
when to use a network installation image or DVD media and descriptions of
all the Solaris installation programs.
|
Chapter 3, Solaris Installation and Upgrade (Roadmap)
|
|
This chapter describes system requirements to install or upgrade to
the Solaris OS. General guidelines for planning the disk space and default
swap space allocation are also provided. Upgrade limitations are also described.
|
Chapter 4, System Requirements, Guidelines, and Upgrade (Planning)
|
|
This chapter contains checklists to help you gather all of the information
that you need to install or upgrade your system. This information is useful,
for example, if you are performing an interactive installation. You'll have
all the information in the checklist that you'll need to do an interactive
installation.
|
Chapter 5, Gathering Information Before Installation or Upgrade (Planning)
|
|
These chapters provide overviews of several technologies that relate
to a Solaris OS installation or upgrade. Guidelines and requirements related
to these technologies are also included. These chapters include information
about ZFS installations, GRUB based booting, Solaris Zones partitioning
technology, and RAID-1 volumes that can be created at installation.
|
Part II, Understanding Installations That Relate to ZFS, Booting, Solaris Zones, and RAID-1 Volumes
|
Chapter 2 What's New in Solaris Installation
This chapter describes new features in the Solaris installation
programs. To view features for all of the Solaris OS, see Solaris 10 What’s New.
This chapter describes the following sections.
What's New in the Solaris 10 10/08 Release
for Installation
Installing a ZFS Root File System
Starting with the Solaris 10 10/08 release,
you can install and boot a ZFS root file system.
The following installation programs
perform an initial installation of a ZFS root pool.
You can use Solaris Live Upgrade to perform the following tasks:
After you have used the lucreate command
to create a ZFS boot environment, you can use other Solaris Live Upgrade commands
on the boot environment, such as the luupgrade and luactivate commands. For more information on using Solaris Live Upgrade for
ZFS, see Chapter 11, Solaris Live Upgrade and ZFS (Overview), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
Structure Change for Installation Media
Starting with the Solaris 10 10/08 release,
the structure of the Solaris Operating System DVD and Solaris Software - 1 CD have changed
for the SPARC platform. Slice 0 is no longer at the top of the directory structure.
Therefore, the structure of the x86 and SPARC DVD and Solaris Software - 1 CD
are the same. This change in structure makes setting up an install server
easier if you have a mix of platforms, such as a SPARC install server and
x86 media. For procedures for setting up an install server, see the following:
What's New in the Solaris 10
8/07 Release for Installation
Upgrading the Solaris OS When Non-Global Zones Are
Installed
Starting with the Solaris 10
8/07 release,
you can upgrade the Solaris OS when non-global zones are installed without
most of the limitations found in previous releases.
Note –
The only limitation to upgrading involves a Solaris Flash
archive. When you use a Solaris Flash archive to install, an archive
that contains non-global zones is not properly installed on your system.
Changes to accommodate systems that have non-global zones installed
are summarized below.
-
For the Solaris interactive installation program, you can
upgrade or patch a system when non-global zones are installed
with CDs, as well as DVDs. Or you can use a network installation image for
either the DVD or CDs. Previously, you were limited to upgrading with a DVD. The
time to upgrade or patch might be extensive, depending on the number of non-global
zones that are installed.
-
For an automated JumpStart installation, you can upgrade or
patch with any keyword that applies to an upgrade or patching. In
previous releases, a limited number of keywords could be used. The time
to upgrade or patch might be extensive, depending on the number of non-global
zones that are installed.
-
For Solaris Live Upgrade, you can upgrade or patch a system
that contains non-global zones. If you have a system that contains non-global
zones, Solaris Live Upgrade is the recommended upgrade program or program
to add patches. Other upgrade programs might require extensive upgrade time,
because the time required to complete the upgrade increases linearly with
the number of installed non-global zones. If you are patching a system with
Solaris Live Upgrade, you do not have to take the system to single-user mode
and you can maximize your system's uptime.
Solaris Live Upgrade
creates a copy of the OS on the inactive boot environment. The inactive boot
environment can be upgraded or patched when non-global zones are installed.
The inactive boot environment can then be booted to become the new boot environment.
Changes to accommodate systems that have non-global zones installed are the
following:
-
A new package, SUNWlucfg, is required to
be installed with the other Solaris Live Upgrade packages, SUNWlur and SUNWluu. This package is required for any system, not just a system
with non-global zones installed.
These three packages comprise
the software needed to upgrade by using Solaris Live Upgrade. These packages
include existing software, new features, and bug fixes. If you do not install
these packages on your system before using Solaris Live Upgrade, upgrading
to the target release fails.
-
Creating a new boot environment from the currently running
boot environment remains the same as in previous releases with one exception.
You can specify a destination disk slice for a shared file system within a
non-global zone.
The argument to the -m option
has a new optional field, zonename. This new field
enables creating the new boot environment and specifying zones that contain
separate file systems. This argument places the zone's file system on a separate
slice in the new boot environment.
-
The lumount command now provides non-global
zones with access to their corresponding file systems that exist on inactive
boot environments. When the global zone administrator uses the lumount command
to mount an inactive boot environment, the boot environment is mounted for
non-global zones as well.
-
Comparing boot environments is enhanced. The lucompare command
now generates a comparison of boot environments that includes the contents
of any non-global zone.
-
Listing file systems with the lufslist command
is enhanced to display a list of file systems for both the global zone and
the non-global zones.
For step-by-step procedures for upgrading a system with non-global
zones installed or for information on the Solaris Zones partitioning technology,
see the following references.
New sysidkdb Tool Prevents Having
to Configure Your Keyboard
This feature
is new in the following releases:
-
For SPARC, starting with the Solaris 10
10/06 release
-
For x86, starting with the Solaris 10
8/07 release
The sysidkdb tool
configures your USB language and its corresponding keyboard layout.
The following procedure occurs:
-
If the keyboard is self-identifying, the keyboard language
and layout automatically configures during installation.
-
If the keyboard is not self-identifying, the sysidkdb tool
provides you, during the installation, a list of supported keyboard layouts
during installation, so that you can select a layout for keyboard configuration.
SPARC: Previously, the USB keyboard
assumed a self-identifying value of 1 during the installation. Therefore,
all of the keyboards that were not self-identifying always configured for
a U.S. English keyboard layout during installation.
Note –
PS/2 keyboards are not self-identifying. You are asked to select
the keyboard layout during the installation.
Prevent Prompting When You Use the JumpStart Program
If the keyboard is not self-identifying and you want to prevent being
prompted during your JumpStart installation, select the keyboard language
in your sysidcfg file. For JumpStart installations, the
default is for the U.S. English language. To select another language and its
corresponding keyboard layout, set the keyboard keyword in your sysidcfg file.
For more information, see one of the following:
NFSv4 Domain Name Configurable During Installation
Starting with the
Solaris 10 8/07 release,
the NFS version 4 domain can now be defined during the installation of the
Solaris OS. Previously, the NFS domain name was defined during the first system
reboot after installation.
This new feature affects installation as follows:
-
The sysidtool command includes an enhanced sysidnfs4 program. The sysidnfs4 program now
runs during the installation process to determine whether an NFSv4 domain
has been configured for the network.
For further information,
see the sysidtool(1M) and sysidnfs4(1M) man pages.
During an interactive installation, the user is provided with the default
NFSv4 domain name that is automatically derived from the OS. The user can
accept this default. Or, the user can specify a different NFSv4 domain.
-
As part of a Solaris JumpStart installation, a new keyword
is available in the sysidcfg file. The user can now assign
a value for the NFSv4 domain by using the new keyword, nfs4_domain.
What's New in the Solaris 10
11/06 Release for Installation
Enhanced Security Using the Restricted Networking Profile
Starting with the Solaris 10
11/06 release, you can, during installation, set the default
behavior for network services to run in a much more secured manner. During
an interactive installation (hands on), this new security option is provided
in the installation configuration selection screens. For automated JumpStart
installations (hands off), you can select a restricted network profile by
using a new service_profile keyword in the sysidcfg file. This security option is only available for initial installations.
An upgrade maintains all previously set services. If necessary, you can restrict
network services after an upgrade by using the netservices command.
If you choose to restrict network security, numerous
services are fully disabled. Other services are still enabled, but these services
are restricted to local connections only. Secure Shell remains available for
remote administrative access to the system.
With this restricted
networking profile, you reduce your risk of exposure on the Internet or LAN.
The system retains full graphical desktop use and outbound network access.
For example, you can still access your graphical interface, use browsers or
email clients, and mount NFSv4 file shares.
The network services
can be enabled after installation by using the netservices open command
or by enabling individual services by using SMF commands. See Revising Security Settings After Installation.
For additional information about this security option, see the following references.
Table 2–1 Additional Information About
the Limited Network Profile
Installing Solaris Trusted Extensions
Starting with the Solaris 10
11/06 release, Solaris Trusted Extensions provides multilevel
security for the Solaris OS. This feature enables you to control information
in a flexible but highly secure manner. You can now enforce strict access
controls to your data based on data sensitivity, not just data ownership.
An installation that accesses Solaris Trusted Extensions differs from
a standard installation. For a list of these installation differences and
further information about Solaris Trusted Extensions, see Installing or Upgrading the Solaris OS for Trusted Extensions in Solaris Trusted Extensions Installation and Configuration.
Solaris
Flash Can Create an Archive That Includes Large Files
The flarcreate command no longer has size limitations
on individual files. You can create a Solaris Flash archive that contains
individual files that are greater than 4 Gbytes. The following two archive
utilities are available for use:
-
The cpio archive utility is the default.
Individual files cannot be greater than 2 or 4 Gbytes. The size limitation
depends on the version of cpio used.
-
The portable archive interchange utility, pax,
is invoked with the -L pax option. If the -L pax option
is specified, the archive can be created without size limitations on individual
files.
For more information, see Creating an Archive That Contains Large Files in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Flash Archives (Creation and Installation).
What's New in the Solaris 10
1/06 Release for Solaris Installation
This section describes the following new installation features in the
Solaris 10 1/06 release.
Upgrading the Solaris OS When Non-Global Zones Are Installed
Solaris Zones partitioning technology provides the ability to configure
non-global zones in a single instance of Solaris, the global zone. A non-global
zone is an application execution environment in which processes are isolated
from all other zones. Starting with the Solaris 10
1/06 release and if you are running a system with non-global zones
installed, you can use standard Solaris upgrade programs to upgrade. You can
use either the Solaris interactive installation program or custom JumpStart
to upgrade. There are some limitations to upgrading with non-global zones
installed.
For details on using the Solaris interactive installation program, see Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Basic Installations
x86: GRUB Based Booting
Starting with the Solaris 10
1/06 release, the open source GNU GRand Unified Boot Loader
(GRUB) has been adopted in the Solaris OS for x86 based systems. GRUB is responsible
for loading a boot archive into the system's memory. A boot archive is a
collection of critical files that is needed during system startup before the
root (/) file system is mounted. The boot archive is
used to boot the Solaris OS.
The most notable change is the replacement of the Solaris Device Configuration Assistant with
the GRUB menu. The GRUB menu facilitates booting the different operating systems
that are installed on your system. The GRUB menu is displayed when you boot
an x86 based system. From the GRUB menu, you can select an OS instance to
install by using the arrow keys. If you do not make a selection, the default
OS instance is booted.
The GRUB based boot feature provides the following improvements:
-
Faster boot times
-
Installation from USB CD or DVD drives
-
Ability to boot from USB storage devices
-
Simplified DHCP setup for PXE boot (no vendor-specific options)
-
Elimination of all realmode drivers
-
Ability to use Solaris Live Upgrade and the GRUB menu to quickly
activate and fall back to boot environments
For more information about GRUB refer to the following sections.
Note –
GNU is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not UNIX.” For
more information, go to http://www.gnu.org.
Upgrade Support Changes for
Solaris Releases
Starting with the Solaris 10 1/06 release,
you can upgrade the Solaris OS from the Solaris 8, 9, or 10 releases. Upgrades
from the Solaris 7 release are not supported.
What's New in the Solaris 10 3/05 Release for Solaris Installation
This section describes the following new installation features in the
Solaris 10 3/05 release.
Solaris Installation Changes Including Installation
Unification
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
several changes in the installation of the Solaris OS provide a more simplified
and unified installation experience.
The changes include the following:
-
This release has one installation DVD and several installation
CDs. The Solaris Operating System DVD includes the content of all the installation
CDs.
-
Solaris Software 1 –
This CD is the only bootable CD. From this CD, you can access both the Solaris
installation graphical user interface (GUI) and the console-based installation.
This CD also enables you to install selected software products from both
the GUI and the console-based installation.
-
Other Solaris Operating System CDs –
These CDs contain the following:
-
Solaris packages that the software prompts you to install
if necessary
-
ExtraValue software that includes supported and unsupported
software
-
Installers
-
Localized interface software and documentation
-
The Solaris Installation CD no longer exists.
-
For both CD and DVD media, the GUI installation is the default
(if your system has enough memory). However, you can specify a console-based
installation with the text boot option.
-
The installation process has been simplified, enabling you
to select the language support at boot time, but select locales later.
Note –
The (noninteractive) Solaris custom JumpStartTM installation
method has not changed.
To install the OS, simply insert the Solaris Software - 1 CD or the
Solaris Operating System DVD and type one of the following commands.
-
For the default GUI installation (if system memory permits),
type boot cdrom.
-
For the console-based installation, type boot cdrom
- text.
Accessing the GUI or Console-based Installations
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
you can choose to install the software with a GUI or with or without a windowing
environment. If the memory is sufficient, the GUI is displayed by default.
If the memory is insufficient for the GUI, other environments are displayed
by default. You can override defaults with the nowin or text boot options. However, you are limited by the amount of memory
in your system or by installing remotely. Also, if the Solaris installation
program does not detect a video adapter, the program is automatically displayed
in a console-based environment.
For specific memory requirements, see System Requirements and Recommendations.
Custom JumpStart Installation Package and Patch Enhancements
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
when you install and upgrade the Solaris OS by using the custom JumpStart
installation method, new customizations enable the following:
-
A Solaris Flash installation with additional packages
The custom JumpStart profile package keyword has
been enhanced to enable installing a Solaris Flash archive with additional
packages. For example, you can install the same base archive on two machines,
but add a different set of packages to each machine. These packages do not
have to be a part of the Solaris OS distribution.
-
An installation with additional packages that might not be
part of the Solaris distribution
The package keyword
has also been enhanced to enable an installation with a package that is not
part of the Solaris distribution. You no longer need to write a postinstallation
script to add extra packages.
-
An installation with the ability to install Solaris OS patches
The new custom JumpStart profile patch keyword enables
the installation of Solaris OS patches. This feature allows the installation
of a list of patches that are specified in a patch file.
For further information, see Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
Configuring Multiple Network Interfaces During Installation
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
the Solaris installation programs enable you to configure multiple interfaces
during your installation. You can preconfigure these interfaces in the sysidcfg file for your system. Or you can configure multiple interfaces
during the installation. For more information, see the following documents:
SPARC: 64-bit Package Changes
In previous Solaris releases, the Solaris software was delivered in
separate packages for 32-bit components and 64-bit components. Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release, packaging
has been simplified with the delivery of most 32-bit components and 64-bit
components in a single package. The combined packages retain the names of
the original 32-bit packages, and the 64-bit packages are no longer delivered.
The removal of the 64-bit packages simplifies installation and increases
performance:
-
Reduces the number of packages, which simplifies Custom JumpStart
scripts that contain lists of packages
-
Simplifies the packaging system with only one package that
groups software functions
-
Reduces installation time because fewer packages are installed
The 64-bit packages are renamed with the following conventions:
-
If a 64-bit package has a 32-bit counterpart, the 64-bit package
is named with the 32-bit package name. For example, a 64-bit library such
as /usr/lib/sparcv9/libc.so.1 previously would have been
delivered in SUNWcslx, but now is delivered in SUNWcsl. The 64-bit SUNWcslx package is no longer
delivered.
-
If a package does not have a 32-bit counterpart, the “x”
suffix is removed from the name. For example, SUNW1394x becomes SUNW1394.
This change means that you might need to modify your custom JumpStart
script or other package installation scripts to remove references to the 64-bit
packages.
Custom JumpStart Installation Method Creates New
Boot Environment
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
you can now use the JumpStart installation method to create an empty boot
environment when you install the Solaris Operating System. The empty boot
environment can then be populated with a Solaris Flash archive for later use.
For further information, see Chapter 8, Custom JumpStart (Reference), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
Reduced Networking Software Group
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
you can now create a more secure system with fewer enabled network services
by selecting or specifying the Reduced Networking software group (SUNWCrnet)
during your installation. The Reduced Networking software group provides system
administration utilities and a multiuser text-based console. SUNWCrnet enables
the system to recognize network interfaces. During the installation, you can
customize your system's configuration by adding software packages and by activating
network services as needed.
For further information, see Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
Modifying Disk Partition Tables by Using a Virtual
Table of Contents
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
the Solaris installation program now enables you to load existing slices from
the virtual table of contents (VTOC.) You can now preserve and use the system's
existing disk slice tables during your installation, rather than use the
installer's default disk layout.
x86: Change in Default Boot-Disk Partition
Layout
Starting with the Solaris 10 3/05 release,
a new feature in the Solaris installation program is a boot-disk partition
layout. This layout, by default, accommodates the Service partition on Sun
x86 based systems. This installation program enables you to preserve an existing
Service partition.
The new default includes the following partitions.
-
First partition – Service partition (existing size on
system)
-
Second partition – x86 boot partition (approximately
11 Mbytes)
-
Third partition – Solaris Operating System partition
(remaining space on the boot disk)
If you want to use this default layout, select Default when the Solaris
installation program asks you to choose a boot-disk layout.
Note –
If you install the Solaris OS for x86 based systems on a system
that does not currently include a Service partition, the Solaris installation
program does not create a new Service partition. If you want to create a Service
partition on your system, first use your system's diagnostic CD to create
the Service partition. After the Service partition is created, then install
the Solaris Operating System.
For information about how to create
the Service partition, see your hardware documentation.
For more information, see Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
Chapter 3 Solaris Installation and Upgrade (Roadmap)
This chapter provides you with information about decisions you need
to make before you install or upgrade the Solaris Operating System (Solaris
OS). This chapter contains the following sections:
Note –
This book uses the term slice, but some Solaris
documentation and programs might refer to a slice as a partition.
x86:
To avoid confusion, this book distinguishes between x86 fdisk
partitions and the divisions within the Solaris fdisk partition.
The x86 fdisk divisions are called partitions. The divisions
within the Solaris fdisk partition are called slices.
Task Map: Installing or Upgrading the Solaris
Software
The following task map is an overview of the
steps necessary to install or upgrade the Solaris OS when using any installation
program. Use this task map to identify all of the decisions that you need
to make to complete the most efficient installation for your environment.
Table 3–1 Task Map: Installing
or Upgrading the Solaris Software
|
Task
|
Description
|
For Instructions
|
|
Choose initial installation or upgrade.
|
Decide if you want to perform an initial installation or an upgrade.
|
Initial Installation, or Upgrade?.
|
|
Decide if you want to install a UFS file system or ZFS root pool.
|
You can install a UFS root (/) file system or a
ZFS root pool.
|
Most of this book relates to installing a UFS file system. To install
a ZFS root pool, see Chapter 6, ZFS Root File System Installation (Planning)
|
|
Choose an installation program.
|
The Solaris OS provides several programs for installation or upgrade.
Choose the installation method that is most appropriate for your environment.
|
Choosing a Solaris Installation Method
|
|
(Solaris interactive installation program) Choose a default or custom
installation.
|
Decide which type installation is suitable for your environment:
-
If you are using a graphical user interface (GUI) you can
choose a default or a custom installation:
-
A default installation formats the hard disk and installs
a preselected set of software.
-
A custom installation enables you to modify the hard disk
layout and select the software that you want to install.
-
If you use a text installer (non-graphical interface), you
can select the default values or edit the values to select the software you
want to install.
|
For information on the Solaris installation program's choices, see Chapter 5, Gathering Information Before Installation or Upgrade (Planning)
|
|
For initial installations only, choose open network security or restricted
network security.
|
For an initial installation, determine whether to disable or constrain
network services to respond to local requests only during the installation.
The default is to select open network security during installation.
|
Planning Network Security
|
|
Review system requirements. Also, plan and allocate disk space and swap
space.
|
Determine if your system meets the minimum requirements to install or
upgrade. Allocate disk space on your system for the components of the Solaris
OS that you want to install. Determine the appropriate swap-space layout for
your system.
|
Chapter 4, System Requirements, Guidelines, and Upgrade (Planning)
|
|
Choose to install a system from local media or from the network.
|
Decide on the most appropriate installation media for your environment.
|
Installing From the Network or From DVD or CDs?
|
|
Gather information about your system.
|
-
For the Solaris installation program, complete the worksheet
to collect all of the information that you need to install or upgrade.
-
For the custom JumpStart installation method, decide which
profile keywords to use in your profile. Then review the keyword descriptions
to find the information about your system that you need.
|
|
|
(Optional) Set system parameters.
|
You can preconfigure system information to avoid being prompted for
the information during the installation or upgrade.
|
Chapter 2, Preconfiguring System Configuration Information (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
|
|
(Optional) Prepare to install the Solaris software from the network.
|
If you chose to install the Solaris software from the network, complete
the following tasks.
-
(x86 based systems) Verify that your system supports PXE
-
Create an installation server
-
Create a boot server (if necessary)
-
Configure a DHCP server (if necessary)
-
Set up systems to be installed from the network
|
To install over a local area network, see Chapter 6, Installing From the Network With CD Media (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
To install over a wide area network, see Chapter 12, Installing With WAN Boot (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations
|
|
(Upgrade only) Perform tasks prior to upgrade.
|
Back up your system and determine if you can upgrade with disk space
reallocation.
|
Upgrade Planning
|
|
Perform an installation or upgrade.
|
Use the Solaris installation method that you chose to install or upgrade
the Solaris software.
|
The chapter or chapters that provide detailed instructions for the installation
programs.
|
|
Troubleshoot installation problems
|
Review the troubleshooting information when you encounter problems with
your installation.
|
Appendix A, Troubleshooting (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations
|
Installing From the Network or From DVD or CDs?
The Solaris software is distributed on DVD or CD media so that you can
install or upgrade systems that have access to a DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive.
You can set up the systems to install from the network with remote DVD
or CD images. You might want to set up systems this way for the following
reasons:
You can use all of the Solaris installation methods to install a system
from the network. However, by installing systems from the network with the Solaris Flash installation
feature or with a custom JumpStart installation, you can centralize and automate
the installation process in a large enterprise. For more details about the
different installation methods, refer to Choosing a Solaris Installation Method.
Installing the Solaris software from the network requires initial setup.
For information about preparing to install from the network, choose one of
the following options.
Initial Installation, or Upgrade?
You can choose to perform an initial installation or, if your system
is already running the Solaris OS, you can upgrade your system.
Initial Installation
An initial installation overwrites the system's disk with the new version
of the Solaris OS. If your system is not running the Solaris OS, you must
perform an initial installation.
If the system is already running the Solaris OS, you can choose to perform
an initial installation. If you want to preserve any local modifications,
before you install, you must back up the local modifications. After you complete
the installation, you can restore the local modifications.
You can use any of the Solaris installation methods to perform an initial
installation. For detailed information about the different Solaris installation
methods, refer to Choosing a Solaris Installation Method.
Upgrade
You can upgrade the Solaris OS by using two upgrade methods: standard
and Solaris Live Upgrade. A standard upgrade maintains as many existing configuration
parameters as possible of the current Solaris OS. Solaris Live Upgrade creates
a copy of the current system. This copy can be upgraded with a standard upgrade.
The upgraded Solaris OS can then be switched to become the current system
by a simple reboot. If a failure occurs, you can switch back to the original
Solaris OS with a reboot. Solaris Live Upgrade enables you to keep your system
running while you upgrade and enables you to switch back and forth between
Solaris OS releases.
For more information about upgrading and the list of upgrade methods,
see Upgrade Planning.
Choosing a Solaris Installation Method
The Solaris OS provides several programs for
installation or upgrade. Each installation technology offers different features
that are designed for specific installation requirements and environments.
Use the following table to help you decide which installation method to use.
Table 3–2 Choosing Your Installation
Method
|
Task
|
Installation Method
|
Reasons for Choosing This Program
|
Instructions
|
|
Install one system from CD-ROM or DVD-ROM media with an interactive
program.
|
Solaris installation program
|
-
This program divides tasks into panels, prompts you for information,
and offers default values.
-
This program is not an efficient method when you have to install
or upgrade multiple systems. For batch installations of multiple systems,
use custom JumpStart or the Solaris Flash installation feature.
|
Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Basic Installations
|
|
Install one system over a local area network.
|
Solaris installation program over the network
|
This program enables you to set up an image of the software you want
to install on a server and install this image on a remote system. If you need
to install multiple systems, you can use the network installation image with
the custom JumpStart and Solaris Flash installation methods to efficiently
install or upgrade systems on your network.
|
Part II, Installing Over a Local Area Network, in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations
|
|
Automate the installation or upgrade of multiple systems based on profiles
you create.
|
Custom JumpStart
|
This program efficiently installs multiple systems. But if you only
have a few systems, the creation of a custom JumpStart environment might be
time consuming. For a few systems, use the Solaris interactive installation
program.
|
Chapter 3, Preparing Custom JumpStart Installations (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations
|
|
Replicate the same software and configuration on multiple systems.
|
Solaris Flash archives
|
-
This program saves installation time by installing all Solaris
packages at once on your system. Other programs install each individual Solaris
package and update the package map for each package.
-
Solaris Flash archives are large files and require a significant
amount of disk space. To manage different installation configurations or to
change your installation configuration, you might consider using the custom
JumpStart installation method. Alternatively, you can accomplish system-specific
customizations by using a JumpStart finish script or an embedded Solaris Flash postdeployment
script.
|
Chapter 1, Solaris Flash (Overview), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Flash Archives (Creation and Installation)
|
|
Install systems over a wide area network (WAN) or the Internet.
|
WAN boot
|
If you want to install a Solaris Flash archive over the network, this
program enables a secure installation.
|
Chapter 10, WAN Boot (Overview), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations
|
|
Upgrade a system while it is running.
|
Solaris Live Upgrade
|
-
This program enables you to upgrade or add patches to avoid
the system down time related to a standard upgrade
-
This program enables you to test an upgrade or new patches
without affecting the current OS
|
Chapter 2, Solaris Live Upgrade (Overview), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning
|
|
After installing the Solaris OS, create an isolated application environment.
|
Solaris Zones partitioning technology
|
This program creates isolated non-global zones that provide a secure
application environment. This isolation prevents processes that are running
in one zone from monitoring or affecting processes that are running in any
other zones.
|
Chapter 16, Introduction to Solaris Zones, in System Administration Guide: Solaris Containers-Resource Management and Solaris Zones
|
Chapter 4 System Requirements, Guidelines, and Upgrade (Planning)
This chapter describes system requirements to install or upgrade to
the Solaris OS. General guidelines for planning the disk space and default
swap space allocation are also provided. This chapter contains the following
sections:
System Requirements and Recommendations
Table 4–1 Memory, Swap, and Processor
Recommendations
|
Requirement Type
|
Size
|
|
Memory to install or upgrade
|
Note –
Some optional installation features are enabled only when sufficient
memory is present. For example, if your system has insufficient memory and
you install from a DVD, you install through the Solaris installation program 's text installer,
not through the GUI. For more information about these memory requirements,
see Table 4–2.
|
|
Swap area
|
Note –
You might need to customize the swap space. Swap space is based
on the size of the system's hard disk.
|
|
Processor requirements
|
|
You can choose to install the software with a GUI or with or without
a windowing environment. If there is sufficient memory, the GUI is displayed
by default. Other environments are displayed by default if memory is insufficient
for the GUI. You can override defaults with the nowin or text boot options. But, you are limited by the amount of memory
in your system or by installing remotely. Also if the Solaris installation
program does not detect a video adapter, it automatically displays in a console-based
environment. Table 4–2 describes
these environments and lists minimal memory requirements for displaying them.
Table 4–2 Memory Requirements for
Display Options
|
Memory
|
Type of Installation
|
Description
|
-
SPARC: 64–511 MB
-
x86: 384–511 MB
|
Text-based
|
Contains no graphics, but provides a window and the ability to open
other windows.
If you install by using the text boot option and
the system has enough memory, you are installing in a windowing environment.
If you are installing remotely through a tip line or using
the nowin boot option, you are limited to the console-based
installation.
|
-
SPARC: 512 MB or greater
-
x86: 512 MB
|
GUI-based
|
Provides windows, pull-down menus, buttons, scrollbars, and iconic images.
|
Allocating Disk and Swap Space
Before you install the Solaris software, you can determine if your system
has enough disk space by doing some high-level planning.
General Disk Space Planning and Recommendations
Planning disk space is different for everyone. Consider allocating space
for the following conditions, depending on your needs.
Note –
For information about disk space for a ZFS root pool installation,
see Disk Space Requirements for a ZFS Installation
Table 4–3 General Disk Space and
Swap Space Planning
|
Conditions for Space Allocations
|
Description
|
|
For UFS file systems
|
For each file system that you create, allocate an additional 30 percent
more disk space than you need to enable you to upgrade to future Solaris versions.
By default, the Solaris installation methods create only root (/)
and /swap. When space is allocated for OS services, the /export directory is also created. If you are upgrading to a major
Solaris release, you might need to reslice your system or allocate double
the space that you need at installation time. If you are upgrading to an update,
you could prevent having to reslice your system by allocating extra disk space
for future upgrades. A Solaris update release needs approximately 10 percent
more disk space than the previous release. You can allocate an additional
30 percent of disk space for each file system to allow space for several Solaris
updates.
|
|
The /var file system for UFS file systems
|
If you intend to use the crash dump feature savecore(1M), allocate double the amount
of your physical memory in the /var file system.
|
|
Swap
|
Note –
For swap allocations for a ZFS root pool, see Disk Space Requirements for a ZFS Installation.
For UFS file systems, the Solaris installation program allocates a default
swap area of 512 MB under the following conditions:
By default, the Solaris installation programs allocate swap space by
placing swap so that it starts at the first available disk cylinder (typically
cylinder 0 on SPARC based systems). This placement provides maximum space
for the root (/) file system during the default disk
layout and enables the growth of the root (/) file system
during an upgrade.
If you think you might need to expand the swap area in the future, you
can place the swap slice so that it starts at another disk cylinder by using
one of the following methods.
For an overview of the swap space, see Chapter 20, Configuring Additional Swap Space (Tasks), in System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems.
|
|
A server that is providing home directory file systems
|
By default, home directories are usually located in the /export file
system.
|
|
The Solaris software group you are installing
|
A software group is a grouping of software packages. When you are planning
disk space, remember that you can add or remove individual software packages
from the software group that you select. For information about software groups,
see Disk Space Recommendations for Software Groups.
|
|
Upgrade
|
|
|
Language support
|
For example, Chinese, Japanese, or Korean. If you plan to install a
single language, allocate approximately 0.7 GB of additional disk space for
the language. If you plan to install all language supports, you need to
allocate up to approximately 2.5 GB of additional disk space for the language
supports, depending on the software group you install.
|
|
Printing or mail support
|
Allocate additional space.
|
|
Additional software or third-party software
|
Allocate additional space.
|
Disk Space Recommendations for Software Groups
The Solaris software groups are collections of Solaris packages. Each
software group includes support for different functions and hardware drivers.
-
For an initial installation, you select the software group
to install, based on the functions that you want to perform on the system.
-
For an upgrade, you must upgrade to a software group that
is installed on the system. For example, if you previously installed the End
User Solaris Software Group on your system, you cannot use the upgrade option
to upgrade to the Developer Solaris Software Group. However, during the upgrade
you can add software to the system that is not part of the currently installed
software group.
When you are installing the Solaris software, you can choose to add
or remove packages from the Solaris software group that you selected. When
you are selecting which packages to add or remove, you need to know about
software dependencies and how the Solaris software is packaged.
The following figure shows the grouping of software packages. Reduced
Network Support contains the minimal number of packages and Entire Solaris
Software Group Plus OEM Support contains all the packages.
Figure 4–1 Solaris Software Groups
Table 4–4 lists the Solaris
software groups and the recommended amount of disk space that you need to
install each group.
Note –
The disk space recommendations in Table 4–4 include space for the following items.
You might find that the software
groups require less disk space than the amount that is listed in this table.
Table 4–4 Disk Space Recommendations
for Software Groups
|
Software Group
|
Description
|
Recommended Disk Space
|
|
Entire Solaris Software Group Plus OEM Support
|
Contains the packages for the Entire Solaris Software Group plus additional
hardware drivers, including drivers for hardware that is not on the system
at the time of installation.
|
6.8 GB
|
|
Entire Solaris Software Group
|
Contains the packages for the Developer Solaris Software Group and additional
software that is needed for servers.
|
6.7 GB
|
|
Developer Solaris Software Group
|
Contains the packages for the End User Solaris Software Group plus
additional support for software development. The additional software development
support includes libraries, include files, man pages, and programming tools.
Compilers are not included.
|
6.6 GB
|
|
End User Solaris Software Group
|
Contains the packages that provide the minimum code that is required
to boot and run a networked Solaris system and the Common Desktop Environment.
|
5.3 GB
|
|
Core System Support Software Group
|
Contains the packages that provide the minimum code that is required
to boot and run a networked Solaris system.
|
2.0 GB
|
|
Reduced Network Support Software Group
|
Contains the packages that provide the minimum code that is required
to boot and run a Solaris system with limited network service support. The
Reduced Network Support Software Group provides a multiuser text-based console
and system administration utilities. This software group also enables the
system to recognize network interfaces, but does not activate network services.
|
2.0 GB
|
Upgrade Planning
Table 4–5 Solaris Upgrade Methods
|
Current Solaris OS
|
Solaris Upgrade Methods
|
|
Solaris 8, Solaris 9, Solaris 10
|
-
Solaris Live Upgrade – Upgrades a system by creating
and upgrading a copy of the running system
-
The Solaris installation program – Provides an interactive upgrade with
a graphical user interface or command-line interface
-
Custom JumpStart method – Provides an automated upgrade
|
Upgrade Limitations
The following table lists limitations when you upgrade a system under
some conditions.
|
Issue
|
Description
|
|
For ZFS root pools, there are other upgrade limitations
|
You can only use Solaris Live Upgrade to upgrade ZFS root pools. For
requirements and limitations, see Chapter 12, Solaris Live Upgrade for ZFS (Planning), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
|
|
Upgrading to a different software group
|
You cannot upgrade your system to a software group that is not installed
on the system. For example, if you previously installed the End User Solaris
Software Group on your system, you cannot use the upgrade option to upgrade
to the Developer Solaris Software Group. However, during the upgrade you can
add software to the system that is not part of the currently installed software
group.
|
|
Upgrading when non-global zones are installed
|
You can upgrade a system that has non-global zones installed with the
Solaris installation program, Solaris Live Upgrade or JumpStart. The following
limitations apply:
-
Solaris Live Upgrade is the recommend program to upgrade or
patch a system. Other upgrade programs might require extensive upgrade time,
because the time required to complete the upgrade increases linearly with
the number of installed non-global zones. If you are patching a system with
Solaris Live Upgrade, you do not have to take the system to single-user mode
and you can maximize your system's uptime.
-
When you use a Solaris Flash archive to install, an
archive that contains non-global zones is not properly installed on your system.
|
|
Upgrading with Veritas file systems
|
The Solaris interactive installation and custom JumpStart programs do
not present you with the opportunity to upgrade a system when you are using
Veritas VxVM file systems under these conditions:
-
If the root file system to be upgraded is under Veritas control.
For example, if the root (/) file system is mounted
on a /dev/vx/... device.
-
If any Solaris software is installed on any file system that
is under Veritas control. For example, if the /usr file
system is mounted on a /dev/vx/... device.
To upgrade when Veritas VxVM is configured, use one of the following
methods:
|
Upgrade Programs
You can perform a standard interactive upgrade with the Solaris installation
program or an unattended upgrade with the custom JumpStart installation method.
Solaris Live Upgrade enables you to upgrade a running system.
|
Upgrade Program
|
Description
|
For More Information
|
|
Solaris Live Upgrade
|
Enables you to create a copy of the currently running system. The copy
can be upgraded and then a reboot switches the upgraded copy to become the
currently running system. Using Solaris Live Upgrade reduces the downtime
that is required to upgrade the Solaris OS. Also, Solaris Live Upgrade can
prevent problems with upgrading. An example is the ability to recover from
an upgrade if the power fails, because the copy being upgraded is not the
currently running system.
|
To plan for disk space allocation when using Solaris Live Upgrade, see Solaris Live Upgrade Requirements in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
|
|
The Solaris installation program
|
Guides you through an upgrade with an interactive GUI.
|
Chapter 2, Installing With the Solaris Installation Program For UFS File Systems (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Basic Installations.
|
|
Custom JumpStart program
|
Provides an automated upgrade. A profile file and optional preinstallation
and postinstallation scripts provide the information required. When creating
a custom JumpStart profile for an upgrade, specify install_type upgrade.
You must test the custom JumpStart profile against the system's disk configuration
and currently installed software before you upgrade. Use the pfinstall -D command on the system that you are upgrading to test
the profile. You cannot test an upgrade profile by using a disk configuration
file.
|
|
Installing a Solaris Flash Archive Instead of
Upgrading
The Solaris Flash installation
feature provides a method of creating a copy of the whole installation from
a master system that can be replicated on many clone systems. This copy is
called a Solaris Flash archive. You can install an archive by using any
installation program.
Caution –
A Solaris Flash archive cannot be properly created when
a non-global zone is installed. The Solaris Flash feature is not compatible
with Solaris Zones partitioning technology. If you create a Solaris Flash
archive, the resulting archive is not installed properly when the archive
is deployed under these conditions:
Also, you cannot create an archive with a ZFS root pool or install an
archive on a ZFS root pool.
Creating an Archive That Contains Large Files
The default copy method that is used when you create a Solaris Flash archive
is the cpio utility. Individual file sizes cannot be greater
than 4 Gbytes. If you have large individual files, the flarcreate command
with the -L pax option uses the pax utility
to create an archive without limitations on individual file sizes. Individual
file sizes can be greater than 4 Gbytes.
For information about installing an archive, see the following table.
Upgrading With Disk Space Reallocation
The upgrade option in the Solaris installation program and the upgrade keyword in the custom JumpStart program provide the ability to
reallocate disk space. This reallocation automatically changes the sizes of
the disk slices. You can reallocate disk space if the current file systems
do not have enough space for the upgrade. For example, file systems might
need more space for the upgrade for the following reasons:
-
The Solaris software group that is currently installed on
the system contains new software in the new release. Any new software that
is included in a software group is automatically selected to be installed
during the upgrade.
-
The size of the existing software on the system has increased
in the new release.
The auto-layout feature attempts to reallocate the disk space to accommodate
the new size requirements of the file system. Initially, auto-layout attempts
to reallocate space, based on a set of default constraints. If auto-layout
cannot reallocate space, you must change the constraints on the file systems.
Note –
Auto-layout does not have the ability to “grow” file
systems. Auto-layout reallocates space by the following process:
-
Backing up required files on the file systems that need to
change.
-
Repartitioning the disks on the basis of the file system changes.
-
Restoring the backup files before the upgrade happens.
-
If you are using the Solaris installation program, and auto-layout
cannot determine how to reallocate the disk space, you must use the custom
JumpStart program to upgrade.
-
If you are using the custom JumpStart method to upgrade and
you create an upgrade profile, disk space might be a concern. If the current
file systems do not contain enough disk space for the upgrade, you can use
the backup_media and layout_constraint keywords
to reallocate disk space. For an example of how to use the backup_media and layout_constraint keywords in a profile, refer to Profile Examples in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
Using the Patch Analyzer
When Upgrading
The Patch Analyzer performs an analysis on your system if you want to
upgrade to one of these releases that follow the initial Solaris 10 3/05 release.
-
Solaris 10 1/06 release
-
Solaris 10 6/06 release
If you are already running the Solaris OS and have installed individual
patches, upgrading to a subsequent Solaris 10 release causes the following:
-
Any patches that were supplied as part of one of the releases
noted above are reapplied to your system. You cannot back out these patches.
-
Any patches that were previously installed on your system
and are not included in one of the releases noted above are removed.
You can use the Patch Analyzer to determine which patches, if
any, will be removed. For detailed instructions about using the Patch Analyzer,
refer to Appendix C, Using the Patch Analyzer When Upgrading (Tasks), in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning.
Backing Up And Restarting Systems For an Upgrade
Backing up your existing file systems before you upgrade to the Solaris
OS is highly recommended. If you copy file systems to removable media, such
as tape, you can safeguard against data loss, damage, or corruption.
In previous releases, the restart mechanism enabled you to continue
an upgrade after a loss of power or other similar problem. Starting with the
Solaris 10 10/08 release, the restart mechanism is unreliable. If
you have a problem, your upgrade might not restart.
Planning Network Security
Starting with the Solaris 10 11/06 release, you have
the option during an initial installation to change the network security settings
so that all network services, except Secure Shell, are disabled or restricted
to respond to local requests only. This option minimizes the potential vulnerabilities
a remote attacker might try to exploit. In addition, this option provides
a base for customers to enable only the services they require. This security
option is only available during an initial installation, not during an upgrade.
An upgrade maintains any set services that were previously set. If necessary,
you can restrict network services after an upgrade by using the netservices command.
Depending on the installation program you are using, you can select
to restrict network services or keep the services enabled by default:
Restricted Security Specifics
If you choose to restrict network security, numerous
services are fully disabled. Other services are still enabled, but these services
are restricted to local connections only. The Secure Shell remains fully enabled.
For example, the following table lists network services that, for the
Solaris 10 11/06 release, are restricted to local connections.
Table 4–6 Solaris 10 11/06 SMF Restricted Services
|
Service
|
FMRI
|
Property
|
|
rpcbind
|
svc:/network/rpc/bind
|
config/local_only
|
|
syslogd
|
svc:/system/system-log
|
config/log_from_remote
|
|
sendmail
|
svc:/network/smtp:sendmail
|
config/local_only
|
|
smcwebserver
|
svc:/system/webconsole:console
|
options/tcp_listen
|
|
WBEM
|
svc:/application/management/wbem
|
options/tcp_listen
|
|
X server
|
svc:/application/x11/x11-server
|
options/tcp_listen
|
|
dtlogin
|
svc:/application/graphical-login/cde-login
|
dtlogin/args
|
|
ToolTalk
|
svc:/network/rpccde-ttdbserver:tcp
|
proto=ticotsord
|
|
dtcm
|
svc:/network/rpccde-calendar-manager
|
proto=ticits
|
|
BSD print
|
svc:/application/print/rfc1179:default
|
bind_addr=localhost
|
Revising Security Settings After Installation
With the restricted network security feature, all of the affected services
are controlled by the Service Management Framework (SMF). Any individual network
service can be enabled after an initial installation by using the svcadm and svccfg commands.
The restricted network access is achieved
by invoking the netservices command from the SMF upgrade
file found in /var/svc/profile. The netservices command
can be used to switch the service startup behavior.
To disable
network services manually, run the following command:
This command can be used on
upgraded systems, where no changes are made by default. This command can also
be used to re-establish the restricted state after enabling individual services.
Similarly, default services can be enabled as they were in previous Solaris
releases by running the following command:
For further information about revising security settings, see How to Create an SMF Profile in System Administration Guide: Basic Administration. See also the following man
pages.
-
netservices(1M)
-
svcadm(1M)
-
svccfg(1M) commands.
Locale Values
As a part of your installation, you can preconfigure the locale that
you want the system to use. A locale determines how online
information is displayed in a specific language and specific region. A language
might also include more than one locale to accommodate regional differences,
such as differences in the format of date and time, numeric and monetary conventions,
and spelling.
You can preconfigure the system locale in a custom JumpStart profile
or in the sysidcfg file.
Platform Names and Groups
When you are adding clients for a network installation, you must know
your system architecture (platform group). If you are writing a custom JumpStart
installation rules file, you need to know the platform name.
Some examples of platform names and groups follow. For a full list of
SPARC based systems, see Solaris Sun Hardware Platform Guide at http://docs.sun.com/.
Table 4–7 Example of Platform Names and Groups
|
System
|
Platform Name
|
Platform Group
|
|
Sun Fire
|
T2000
|
sun4v
|
|
Sun BladeTM
|
SUNW,Sun-Blade-100
|
sun4u
|
|
x86 based
|
i86pc
|
i86pc
|
Note –
On a running system, you can also use the uname -i command
to determine a system's platform name or the uname
-m command to determine a system's platform group.
x86: Partitioning Recommendations
When using the Solaris OS on x86 based systems, follow these guidelines
for partitioning your system.
The Solaris installation program uses a default boot-disk partition layout. These partitions
are called fdisk partitions. An fdisk partition is a logical
partition of a disk drive that is dedicated to a particular operating system
on x86 based systems. To install the Solaris software, you must set up at
least one Solaris fdisk partition on an x86 based system.
x86 based systems allow up to four different fdisk partitions
on a disk. These partitions can be used to hold individual operating systems.
Each operating system must be located on a unique fdisk partition.
A system can only have one Solaris fdisk partition per
disk.
Table 4–8 x86: Default Partitions
|
Partitions
|
Partition Name
|
Partition Size
|
|
First partition (on some systems)
|
Diagnostic or Service partition
|
Existing size on system.
|
|
Second partition (on some systems)
|
x86 boot partition
|
-
If you are performing an initial installation, this partition
is not created.
-
If you upgrade and your system does not have an existing x86
boot partition, this partition is not created.
-
If you upgrade and your system has an x86 boot partition:
-
If the partition is required to bootstrap from one boot device
to another, the x86 boot partition is preserved on the system.
-
If the partition is not required to boot additional boot devices,
the x86 boot partition is removed. The contents of the partition are moved
to the root partition.
|
|
Third partition
|
Solaris OS partition
|
Remaining space on the boot disk.
|
Default Boot-Disk Partition Layout Preserves the
Service Partition
The Solaris installation program uses a default boot-disk partition
layout to accommodate the diagnostic or Service partition. If your system
currently includes a diagnostic or Service partition, the default boot-disk
partition layout enables you to preserve this partition.
Note –
If you install the Solaris OS on an x86 based system that does
not currently include a diagnostic or Service partition, the installation
program does not create a new diagnostic or Service partition by default.
If you want to create a diagnostic or Service partition on your system, see
your hardware documentation.
How to Find the Version of the Solaris OS
That Your System Is Running
To see the version of Solaris software that is running on your system,
type either of the following commands.
The cat command provides more detailed information.
Chapter 5 Gathering Information Before Installation or Upgrade (Planning)
This chapter contains checklists to help you gather all of the information
that you need to install or upgrade your system.
Checklist for Installation
Use the following checklist
to gather the information that you need to install the Solaris OS. You do
not need to gather all of the information that is requested on the worksheet.
You need to collect only the information that applies to your system.
Table 5–1 Installation Checklist
|
Information for Installation
|
Description or Example
|
Answer — Defaults are noted with an asterisk (*)
|
|
Network connection
|
Is the system connected to a network?
|
Networked/Nonnetworked
|
|
Network security
|
Starting
with the Solaris 10 11/06 release, you have the option during an
initial installation to change the network security settings so that all network
services, except Secure Shell, are disabled or restricted to respond to local
requests only. This security option is only available during an initial installation,
not during an upgrade. An upgrade maintains any previously set services.
If necessary, you can restrict network services after an upgrade by using
the netservices command.
During the installation,
you can select restricted network security. Or, you can enable a larger set
of services as in previous Solaris releases. If in doubt, you can safely select
the restricted network security option, because any services can be individually
enabled after installation. For further information about these options, see Planning Network Security.
The network services can be enabled after installation by using the netservices
open command or by enabling individual services by using SMF commands.
See Revising Security Settings After Installation.
|
Restricted/Open network security
|
|
DHCP
|
Can the system use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to configure
its network interfaces?
DHCP provides the network parameters that are necessary for installation.
|
Yes/No*
|
|
If you are not using DHCP, note the network address.
|
IP Address
|
If you are not using DHCP, supply the IP address for the system.
Example: 172.31.255.255
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
# ypmatch host-name hosts
|
|
|
|
Subnet
|
If you are not using DHCP, is the system part of a subnet?
If yes, what is the netmask of the subnet?
Example: 255.255.255.0
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
|
|
|
IPv6
|
Do you want to enable IPv6 on this machine?
IPv6 is a part of the TCP/IP Internet protocol that facilitates IP addressing
by adding better security and increasing Internet addresses.
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Host name
|
Host name that you choose for the system.
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
|
|
|
Kerberos
|
Do you want to configure Kerberos security on this machine?
If yes, gather this information:
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Default Realm:
|
|
|
Administration Server:
|
|
|
First KDC:
|
|
|
(Optional) Additional KDCs:
|
|
|
The Kerberos service is a client-server architecture that provides secure
transactions over networks.
|
|
|
If the system uses a naming service, provide the following information.
|
Naming Service
|
Which naming service should this system use?
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
A naming service stores information in a central place, which enables
users, machines, and applications to communicate across the network. Examples
of information that is stored are host names and addresses or user names and
passwords.
|
NIS+/NIS/DNS/ LDAP/None
|
|
|
Domain Name
|
Provide the name of the domain in which the system resides.
During installation, you
can choose the default NFSv4 domain name. Or, you can specify a custom NFSv4
domain name.
|
|
|
|
NIS+ and NIS
|
Do you want to specify a name server or let the installation program
find one?
If you want to specify a name server, provide the following information.
|
Specify one/Find one*
|
|
Server's host name:
|
|
-
For NIS clients, type the following command to display the
server's host name.
-
For NIS+ clients, type the following command to display the
server's host name.
|
|
|
Server's IP Address:
|
|
-
For NIS clients, type the following command to display the
server's IP address.
# ypmatch nameserver-name hosts
|
-
For NIS+ clients, type the following command to display the
server's IP address.
# nismatch nameserver-name hosts.org_dir
|
Network Information Service (NIS) makes network administration more
manageable by providing centralized control over a variety of network information,
such as machine names and addresses.
|
|
|
|
DNS
|
Provide IP addresses for the DNS server. You must enter at least one
IP address, but you can enter up to three addresses.
|
|
|
Server's IP Address:
|
|
|
To display the server's IP address, type the following command.
|
|
|
You can enter a list of domains to search when a DNS query is made.
|
|
|
List of domains to be searched:
|
|
|
The domain name system (DNS) is the naming service that the Internet
provides for TCP/IP networks. DNS provides host names to the IP address service.
DNS simplifies communication by using machine names instead of numerical IP
addresses. DNS also serves as a database for mail administration.
|
|
|
|
LDAP
|
Provide the following information about your LDAP profile.
|
|
|
Profile Name:
|
|
|
Profile Server:
|
|
|
If you specify a proxy credential level in your LDAP profile, gather
this information.
|
|
|
Proxy-bind distinguished name:
|
|
|
Proxy-bind password:
|
|
|
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) defines a relatively simple
protocol for updating and searching directories that are running over TCP/IP.
|
|
|
Default route
|
Do you want to specify a default route IP address
or let the Solaris installation program find one?
The default route provides a bridge that forwards traffic between two
physical networks. An IP address is a unique number that identifies each
host on a network.
You have the following choices:
-
You can specify the IP address. An /etc/defaultrouter file
is created with the specified IP address. When the system is rebooted, the
specified IP address becomes the default route.
-
You can let the Solaris installation program detect an IP
address. However, the system must be on a subnet that has a router that
advertises itself by using the ICMP router discovery protocol. If you are
using the command-line interface, the software detects an IP address when
the system is booted.
-
You can choose None if you do not have a router or do not
want the software to detect an IP address at this time. The software automatically
tries to detect an IP address on reboot.
|
Detect one*/Specify one/None
|
|
Time zone
|
How do you want to specify your default time zone?
|
Geographic region*
Offset from GMT
Time zone file
|
|
Root password
|
Provide the root password for the system.
|
|
|
Keyboard
|
This feature is new in the following releases:
-
For SPARC, starting with the Solaris 10
10/06 release
-
For x86, starting with the Solaris 10
8/07 release
If the keyboard is self-identifying, the keyboard language and layout
automatically configures during installation. If the keyboard is not self-identifying,
the sysidkdb tool provides you, during the installation,
a list of supported keyboard layouts during installation, so that you can
select a layout for keyboard configuration.
SPARC: Previously, the USB keyboard
assumed a self-identifying value of 1 during the installation. Therefore,
all of the keyboards that were not self-identifying always configured for
a U.S. English keyboard layout during installation.
For further information, see Preconfiguring With the sysidcfg File in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
|
|
|
Locales
|
For which geographic regions do you want to install support?
Note –
The locale can be preconfigured by NIS or NIS+. For more information,
see sysidcfg File Keywords in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
|
|
|
SPARC: Power Management (only available on SPARC systems that support
Power Management)
|
Do you want to use Power Management?
Note –
If your system has Energy Star version 3 or later, you are not
prompted for this information.
|
Yes*/No
|
|
Automatic reboot or CD/DVD ejection
|
Reboot automatically after software installation?
Eject CD/DVD automatically after software installation?
|
Yes*/No
Yes*/No
|
|
Default or custom installation
|
Do you want to perform a default installation, or customize the installation?
-
Select Default installation to format the entire hard disk
and install a preselected set of software.
-
Select Custom installation to modify the hard disk layout
and select the software that you want to install.
Note –
The text installer does not prompt you to select a Default or
Custom Installation. To perform a default installation, accept the default
values that are provided in the text installer. To perform a custom installation,
edit the values in the text installer screens.
|
Default installation*/Custom installation
|
|
Software group
|
Which Solaris Software Group do you want to install?
|
Entire Plus OEM
Entire*
Developer
End User
Core
Reduced Networking
|
|
Custom package selection
|
Do you want to add or remove software packages from the Solaris Software
Group that you install?
Note –
When you select which packages to add or remove, you need to know
about software dependencies and how Solaris software is packaged.
|
|
|
Select disks
|
On which disks do you want to install the Solaris software?
Example: c0t0d0
|
|
|
x86: fdisk partitioning
|
Do you want to create, delete, or modify a Solaris fdisk partition?
Each disk that is selected for file system layout must have a Solaris fdisk partition.
If your system currently has a Service partition, the Solaris installation
program preserves the Service partition by default. If you do not want to
preserve the Service partition, you must customize the fdisk partitions.
For more information about preserving a Service partition, see Default Boot-Disk Partition Layout Preserves the Service Partition.
|
|
|
Select Disks for fdisk Partition Customization?
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Customize fdisk partitions?
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Preserve Data
|
Do you want to preserve any data that exists on the disks where you
are installing the Solaris software?
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Auto-layout file systems
|
Do you want the installation program to automatically lay out file systems
on your disks?
If yes, which file systems should be used for auto-layout?
Example: /, /opt, /var
If no, you must provide file system configuration information.
Note –
The Solaris installation GUI lays out file systems automatically
by default.
|
Yes*/No
|
|
Mount remote file systems
|
Does this system need to access software on another file system?
If yes, provide the following information about the remote file system.
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Server:
|
|
|
IP Address:
|
|
|
Remote File System:
|
|
|
Local Mount Point:
|
|
|
If you are installing through a tip line, follow
these instructions.
|
Ensure that your window display is at least 80 columns wide and 24 rows
long. For more information, see tip(1).
To
determine the current dimensions of your tip window, use
the stty command. For more information, see the man page, stty(1).
|
|
|
Check your Ethernet connection.
|
If the system is part of a network, verify that an Ethernet connector
or similar network adapter is connected to your system.
|
|
|
Review the planning chapter and other relevant documentation.
|
-
Review the entire planning chapter or specific sections in Chapter 4, System Requirements, Guidelines, and Upgrade (Planning).
-
Review the Solaris 10 10/08 Release Notes on http://docs.sun.com and vendor release notes to
ensure that the software you use is supported in the new Solaris release.
-
Review the following to ensure that your hardware is supported:
-
Review the documentation that accompanied your system to ensure
that your system and devices are supported by the Solaris release.
|
|
Checklist for Upgrading
Use the following checklist to gather the information that you need
to upgrade the Solaris OS. You do not need to gather all of the information
that is requested on the checklist. You only need to collect the information
that applies to your system. If you are performing the upgrade over the network,
the installation program provides the information for you, based on the current
system configuration.
You cannot change basic system identification, such as host name or
IP address. The installation program might prompt you for basic system identification,
but you must enter the original values. If you use the Solaris installation program to upgrade,
the upgrade fails if you attempt to change any of the values.
Table 5–2 Upgrade Checklist
|
Information for Upgrade
|
Description or Example
|
Answer – Defaults are noted with an asterisk (*)
|
|
Network connection
|
Is the system connected to a network?
|
Networked/Nonnetworked
|
|
DHCP
|
Can the system use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to configure
its network interfaces?
DHCP provides the network parameters that are necessary for installation.
|
Yes/No*
|
|
If you are not using DHCP, note the network address.
|
IP Address
|
If you are not using DHCP, supply the IP address for the system.
Example: 172.31.255.255
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
# ypmatch host-name hosts
|
|
|
|
Subnet
|
If you are not using DHCP, is the system part of a subnet?
If yes, what is the netmask of the subnet?
Example: 255.255.255.0
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
|
|
|
IPv6
|
Do you want to enable IPv6 on this machine?
IPv6 is a part of the TCP/IP Internet protocol that facilitates IP addressing
by adding better security and increasing Internet addresses.
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Host name
|
Host name that you choose for the system.
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
|
|
|
Kerberos
|
Do you want to configure Kerberos security on this machine?
If yes, gather this information:
|
Yes/No*
|
|
Default Realm:
|
|
|
Administration Server:
|
|
|
First KDC:
|
|
|
(Optional) Additional KDCs:
|
|
|
The Kerberos service is a client-server architecture that provides secure
transactions over networks.
|
|
|
If the system uses a naming service, provide the following information.
|
Naming service
|
Which naming service should this system use?
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
A naming service stores information in a central place, which enables
users, machines, and applications to communicate across the network. Examples
of information that is stored are host names and addresses or user names and
passwords.
|
NIS+/NIS/DNS/ LDAP/None
|
|
|
Domain name
|
Provide the name of the domain in which the system resides.
During installation,
you can choose the default NFSv4 domain name. Or, you can specify a custom
NFSv4 domain name.
|
|
|
|
NIS+ and NIS
|
Do you want to specify a name server or let the installation program
find one?
If you want to specify a name server, provide the following information.
|
Specify one/Find one*
|
|
Server's host name:
|
|
-
For NIS clients, type the following command to display the
server's host name.
-
For NIS+ clients, type the following command to display the
server's host name.
|
|
|
Server's IP Address:
|
|
-
For NIS clients, type the following command to display the
server's IP address.
# ypmatch nameserver-name hosts
|
-
For NIS+ clients, type the following command to display the
server's IP address.
# nismatch nameserver-name
hosts.org_dir
|
Network Information Service (NIS) makes network administration more
manageable by providing centralized control over a variety of network information,
such as machine names and addresses.
|
|
|
|
DNS
|
Provide IP addresses for the DNS server. You must enter at least one
IP address, but you can enter up to three addresses.
|
|
|
Server's IP Address:
|
|
|
To display the server's IP address, type the following command.
|
|
|
You can enter a list of domains to search when a DNS query is made.
|
|
|
List of domains to be searched:
|
|
|
The domain name system (DNS) is the naming service that the Internet
provides for TCP/IP networks. DNS provides host names to the IP address service.
DNS simplifies communication by using machine names instead of numerical IP
addresses. DNS also serves as a database for mail administration.
|
|
|
|
LDAP
|
Provide the following information about your LDAP profile.
|
|
|
Profile Name:
|
|
|
Profile Server:
|
|
|
If you specify a proxy credential level in your LDAP profile, gather
this information.
|
|
|
Proxy-bind distinguished name:
|
|
|
Proxy-bind password:
|
|
|
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) defines a relatively simple
protocol for updating and searching directories that are running over TCP/IP.
|
|
|
Default route
|
Do you want to specify a default route IP address
or let the Solaris installation program find one?
The default route provides a bridge that forwards traffic between two
physical networks. An IP address is a unique number that identifies each
host on a network.
You have the following choices:
-
You can specify the IP address. An /etc/defaultrouter file
is created with the specified IP address. When the system is rebooted, the
specified IP address becomes the default route.
-
You can let the Solaris installation program detect an IP
address. However, the system must be on a subnet that has a router that
advertises itself by using the ICMP router discovery protocol. If you are
using the command-line interface, the software detects an IP address when
the system is booted.
-
You can choose None if you do not have a router or do not
want the software to detect an IP address at this time. The software automatically
tries to detect an IP address on reboot.
|
Detect one*/Specify one/None
|
|
Time zone
|
How do you want to specify your default time zone?
|
Geographic region*
Offset from GMT
Time zone file
|
|
Root password
|
Provide the root password for the system.
|
|
|
Default or custom installation
|
Do you want to perform a default installation, or customize the installation?
-
Select Default installation to format the entire hard disk
and install a preselected set of software.
-
Select Custom installation to modify the hard disk layout
and select the software that you want to install.
Note –
The text installer does not prompt you to select a Default or
Custom Installation. To perform a default installation, accept the default
values that are provided in the text installer. To perform a custom installation,
edit the values in the text installer screens.
|
Default installation*/Custom installation
|
|
Keyboard
|
This feature is new in the following releases:
-
For SPARC, starting with the Solaris 10
10/06 release
-
For x86, starting with the Solaris 10
8/07 release
If the keyboard is self-identifying, the keyboard language and layout
automatically configures during installation. If the keyboard is not self-identifying,
the sysidkdb tool provides you, during the installation,
a list of supported keyboard layouts during installation, so that you can
select a layout for keyboard configuration.
SPARC: Previously, the USB keyboard
assumed a self-identifying value of 1 during the installation. Therefore,
all of the keyboards that were not self-identifying always configured for
a U.S. English keyboard layout during installation.
For further information, see Preconfiguring With the sysidcfg File in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
|
|
|
Locales
|
For which geographic regions do you want to install support?
Note –
The locale can be preconfigured by NIS or NIS+. For more information,
see sysidcfg File Keywords in Solaris 10 10/08 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
|
|
|
SPARC: Power Management (only available on SPARC systems that support
Power Management)
|
Do you want to use Power Management?
Note –
If your system has Energy Star version 3 or later, you are not
prompted for this information.
|
Yes/No
|
|
Automatic reboot or CD/DVD ejection
|
Reboot automatically after software installation?
Eject CD/DVD automatically after software installation?
|
Yes*/No
Yes*/No
|
|
Disk space reallocation
|
Do you want the installation program to automatically re-layout the
systems on your disks?
If yes, which file system should be used for auto-layout?
Example: /, /opt, /var
If no, you must provide information for the system configuration.
|
Yes/No*
|
|
If you are installing through a tip line, follow
these instructions.
|
Ensure that your window display is at least 80 columns wide and 24 rows
long. For more information, see tip(1).
To
determine the current dimensions of your tip window, use
the stty command. For more information, see the man page, stty(1).
|
|
|
Check your Ethernet connection.
|
If the system is part of a network, verify that an Ethernet connector
or similar network adapter is connected to your system.
|
|
|
Solaris Live Upgrade use
|
|
|
|
Check the system for the existence of Prestoserve software.
|
If you begin the upgrade process by shutting down the system with the init 0 command and you're using Prestoserve software, you might
lose data. Refer to the Prestoserve documentation for shutdown instructions.
|
|
|
Check for patches needed.
|
The most recent patch
list is provided at http://sunsolve.sun.com.
|
|
|
Review the planning chapter and other relevant documentation.
|
-
Review the entire planning chapter or specific sections in Chapter 4, System Requirements, Guidelines, and Upgrade (Planning).
-
Review the Solaris 10 10/08 Release Notes on http://docs.sun.com and vendor release notes to
ensure that the software you use is supported in the new Solaris release.
-
Review the 10 10/08 Sun Hardware Platform
Guide to ensure that your hardware is supported.
-
Review the documentation that accompanied your system to ensure
that your system and devices are supported by the Solaris release.
|
|
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