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Chapter 1 Planning for a Solaris Installation From
CD or DVD Media (Tasks)
This chapter provides you with system requirements and planning information
to help you install the Solaris OS. This chapter describes the following
topics.
Note –
This book uses the term slice, but some Solaris
documentation and programs might refer to a slice as a partition. To avoid
confusion, this book distinguishes between fdisk partitions
(which are supported only in Solaris for x86 based systems) and the divisions
within the Solaris fdisk partition, which might be called
slices or partitions.
System Requirements and Recommendations
The following tables list basic system requirements to install the Solaris OS.
Table 1–1 SPARC: Memory, Swap,
and Processor Recommendations
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SPARC Based System
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Size
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Memory to install or upgrade
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256 MB is the recommended size. 128 MB is the minimum size.
Note –
Some optional installation features are enabled only when sufficient
memory is present. For example, if you install from a DVD with insufficient
memory, you install through the Solaris installation program's text installer, not through the
GUI. For more information about these memory requirements, see Table 1–3.
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Swap area
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512 MB is the default size.
Note –
You might need to customize the swap space. Swap space is based
on the size of the system's hard disk.
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Processor requirements
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200–MHz or faster processor is required.
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Table 1–2 x86: Memory, Swap,
and Processor Recommendations
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x86 Based System
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Size
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Memory to install or upgrade
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512
MB is the recommended size. 256 MB is the minimum size.
Note –
Some optional installation features are enabled only when sufficient
memory is present. For example, if you install from a DVD with insufficient
memory, you install through the Solaris installation program's text installer, not through the
GUI. For more information about these memory requirements, see Table 1–3.
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Swap area
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512 MB is the default size.
Note –
You might need to customize the swap space. Swap space is based
on the size of the system's hard disk.
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Processor requirements
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120–MHz or faster processor is recommended. Hardware floating-point
support is required.
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Solaris Installation Program GUI or Text Installer
Requirements
The Solaris installation program on the Solaris 10 Operating System DVD or Solaris 10 Software - 1 CD can be
run with a graphical user interface (GUI) or as an interactive text installer
in a desktop or console session. For x86 based systems, the Solaris Device
Configuration Assistant is included in the Solaris installation program.
-
GUI – The Solaris installation GUI provides windows, pull-down
menus, buttons, scrollbars, and iconic images to enable you to interact with
the installation program. The GUI requires a local or remote DVD-ROM or CD-ROM
drive or network connection, video adapter, keyboard, monitor, and enough
memory. For more information about these memory requirements, see Table 1–3 and Table 1–4.
-
Text installer – The Solaris interactive text installer
enables you to type information in a terminal or console window to interact
with the installation program. You can run the text installer in a desktop
session with a windowing environment, or in a console session. The text installer
requires a local or remote DVD-ROM or CD-ROM drive or network connection,
keyboard, and monitor. You can run the Solaris installation text installer with
the tip command. For more information, see the man page, tip(1).
You can choose to install the software with a GUI or with or without
a windowing environment. If there is sufficient memory, the GUI is displayed
by default. Other environments are displayed by default if memory is insufficient
for the GUI. You can override defaults with the nowin or text boot options. But, you are limited by the amount of memory
in your system or by installing remotely. Also if the Solaris installation
program does not detect a video adapter, it automatically displays in a console-based
environment. Table 1–3 and Table 1–4 describe these environments and
list memory requirements for displaying them.
Table 1–3 SPARC: Memory Requirements
for Display Options
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SPARC: Memory
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Type of Installation
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Description
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128–383 MB
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Text-based
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Contains no graphics, but provides a window and the ability to open
other windows.
If you install by using the text boot option and
the system has enough memory, you are installing in a windowing environment.
If you are installing remotely through a tip line or using
the nowin boot option, you are limited to the console-based
installation.
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384 MB or greater
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GUI-based
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Provides windows, pull-down menus, buttons, scrollbars, and iconic images.
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Table 1–4 x86: Memory Requirements
for Display Options
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x86: Memory
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Type of Installation
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Description
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256–511 MB
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Text-based
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Contains no graphics, but provides a window and the ability to open
other windows.
If you install by using the text boot option and
the system has enough memory, you are installing in a windowing environment.
If you are installing remotely through a tip line or using
the nowin boot option, you are limited to the console-based
installation.
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512 MB
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GUI-based
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Provides windows, pull-down menus, buttons, scrollbars, and iconic images.
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You can also specify the installer you want to use during the installation
by entering a selection or special command at a prompt. For instructions,
see the procedures in Chapter 2, Installing With the Solaris Installation Program (Tasks).
General
Disk Space Planning and Recommendations
Planning disk space is different for everyone. Consider allocating space
for the following conditions, depending on your needs.
Table 1–5 General Disk Space and
Swap Space Planning
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Conditions for Space Allocations
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Description
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File systems
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For each file system that you create, allocate an additional 30 percent
more disk space than you need to enable you to upgrade to future Solaris versions.
By default, the Solaris installation methods create only root (/)
and /swap. When space is allocated for OS services, the /export directory is also created. If you are upgrading to a major
Solaris release, you might need to reslice your system or allocate double
the space that you need at installation time. If you are upgrading to an update,
you could prevent having to reslice your system by allocating extra disk space
for future upgrades. A Solaris update release needs approximately 10 percent
more disk space than the previous release. You can allocate an additional
30 percent of disk space for each file system to allow space for several Solaris
updates.
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The /var file system
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If you intend to use the crash dump feature savecore(1M), allocate double the amount
of your physical memory in the /var file system.
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Swap
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The Solaris installation program allocates a default swap area of 512
Mbytes under the following conditions:
By default, the Solaris installation programs allocate swap space by
placing swap so that it starts at the first available disk cylinder (typically
cylinder 0 on SPARC based systems). This placement provides maximum space
for the root (/) file system during the default disk
layout and enables the growth of the root (/) file system
during an upgrade.
If you think you might need to expand the swap area in the future, you
can place the swap slice so that it starts at another disk cylinder by using
one of the following methods.
For an overview of the swap space, see Chapter 21, Configuring
Additional Swap Space (Tasks), in System
Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems.
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A server that is providing home directory file systems
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By default, home directories are usually located in the /export file
system.
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The Solaris software group you are installing
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A software group is a grouping of software packages. When you are planning
disk space, remember that you can add or remove individual software packages
from the software group that you select. For information about software groups,
see Disk Space Recommendations for Software Groups.
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Upgrade
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Language support
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For example, Chinese, Japanese, or Korean. If you plan to install a
single language, allocate approximately 0.7 Gbytes of additional disk space
for the language. If you plan to install all language supports, you need
to allocate up to approximately 2.5 Gbytes of additional
disk space for the language supports, depending on the software group you
install.
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Printing or mail support
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Allocate additional space.
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Additional software or third-party software
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Allocate additional space.
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Disk Space Recommendations for Software Groups
The Solaris software groups are collections of Solaris packages. Each
software group includes support for different functions and hardware drivers.
-
For an initial installation, you select the software group
to install, based on the functions that you want to perform on the system.
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For an upgrade, you must upgrade to a software group that
is installed on the system. For example, if you previously installed the End
User Solaris Software Group on your system, you cannot use the upgrade option
to upgrade to the Developer Solaris Software Group. However, during the upgrade
you can add software to the system that is not part of the currently installed
software group.
When you are installing the Solaris software, you can choose to add
or remove packages from the Solaris software group that you selected. When
you are selecting which packages to add or remove, you need to know about
software dependencies and how the Solaris software is packaged.
The following figure shows the grouping of software packages. Reduced
Network Support contains the minimal number of packages and Entire Solaris
Software Group Plus OEM Support contains all the packages.
Figure 1–1 Solaris Software Groups
Table 1–6 lists the Solaris software
groups and the recommended amount of disk space that you need to install each
group.
Note –
The disk space recommendations in Table 1–6 include space for the following items.
You might find that the software groups require less disk space
than the amount that is listed in this table.
For additional information
about how to plan your disk space, see Allocating Disk and Swap
Space in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation
Guide: Network-Based Installations.
Table 1–6 Disk Space Recommendations
for Software Groups
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Software Group
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Description
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Recommended Disk Space
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Entire Solaris Software Group Plus OEM Support
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Contains the packages for the Entire Solaris Software Group plus additional
hardware drivers, including drivers for hardware that is not on the system
at the time of installation.
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6.8 Gbytes
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Entire Solaris Software Group
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Contains the packages for the Developer Solaris Software Group and additional
software that is needed for servers.
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6.7 Gbytes
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Developer Solaris Software Group
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Contains the packages for the End User Solaris Software Group plus
additional support for software development. The additional software development
support includes libraries, include files, man pages, and programming tools.
Compilers are not included.
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6.6 Gbytes
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End User Solaris Software Group
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Contains the packages that provide the minimum code that is required
to boot and run a networked Solaris system and the Common Desktop Environment.
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5.3 Gbytes
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Core System Support Software Group
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Contains the packages that provide the minimum code that is required
to boot and run a networked Solaris system.
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2.0 Gbytes
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Reduced Network Support Software Group
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Contains the packages that provide the minimum code that is required
to boot and run a Solaris system with limited network service support. The
Reduced Network Support Software Group provides a multiuser text-based console
and system administration utilities. This software group also enables the
system to recognize network interfaces, but does not activate network services.
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2.0 Gbytes
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Checklist for Installation
Use the following checklist to gather the information that you need
to install the Solaris OS. You do not need to gather all of the information
that is requested on the checklist. You only need to collect the information
that applies to your system.
Use this checklist if you are performing an initial installation. If
you are upgrading your system, see Checklist for Upgrading in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and
Upgrade Planning.
Table 1–7 Installation Checklist
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Information for Installation
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Description or Example
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Answer — Defaults are noted with an asterisk (*)
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Network connection
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Is the system connected to a network?
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Networked/Non-networked
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DHCP
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Can the system use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to configure
its network interfaces?
DHCP provides the network parameters that are necessary for installation.
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Yes/No*
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If you are not using DHCP, note the network address.
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IP Address
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If you are not using DHCP, supply the IP address for the system.
Example: 172.31.255.255
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
# ypmatch host-name hosts
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Subnet
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If you are not using DHCP, is the system part of a subnet?
If yes, what is the netmask of the subnet?
Example: 255.255.255.0
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
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IPv6
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Do you want to enable IPv6 on this machine?
IPv6 is a part of the TCP/IP Internet protocol that facilitates IP addressing
by adding better security and increasing Internet addresses.
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Yes/No*
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Host Name
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Host name that you choose for the system.
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
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Kerberos
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Do you want to configure Kerberos security on this machine?
If yes, gather this information:
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Yes/No*
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Default Realm:
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Administration Server:
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First KDC:
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(Optional) Additional KDCs:
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The Kerberos service is a client-server architecture that provides secure
transactions over networks.
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If the system uses a name service, provide the following information.
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Name Service
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Which name service should this system use?
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
A naming service stores information in a central place, which enables
users, machines, and applications to communicate across the network. Examples
of information that is stored are host names and addresses or user names and
passwords.
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NIS+/NIS/DNS/ LDAP/None
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Domain Name
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Provide the name of the domain in which the system resides.
To find this information on a running system, type the following command.
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NIS+ and NIS
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Do you want to specify a name server or let the installation program
find one?
If you want to specify a name server, provide the following information.
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Specify One/Find One*
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Server's host name:
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For NIS clients, type the following command to display the
server's host name.
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For NIS+ clients, type the following command to display the
server's host name.
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Server's IP Address:
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For NIS clients, type the following command to display the
server's IP address.
# ypmatch nameserver-name hosts
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For NIS+ clients, type the following command to display the
server's IP address.
# nismatch nameserver-name
hosts.org_dir
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Network Information Service (NIS) makes network administration more
manageable by providing centralized control over a variety of network information,
such as machine names and addresses.
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DNS
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Provide IP addresses for the DNS server. You must enter at least one
IP address, but you can enter up to three addresses.
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Server's IP Address:
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To display the server's IP address, type the following command.
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You can enter a list of domains to search when a DNS query is made.
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List of domains to
be searched:
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The domain name system (DNS) is the name service that the Internet provides
for TCP/IP networks. DNS provides host names to the IP address service. DNS
simplifies communication by using machine names instead of numerical IP addresses.
DNS also serves as a database for mail administration.
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LDAP
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Provide the following information about your LDAP profile.
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Profile Name:
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Profile Server:
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If you specify a proxy credential level in your LDAP profile, gather
this information.
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Proxy-bind distinguished name:
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Proxy-bind password:
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Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) defines a relatively simple
protocol for updating and searching directories that are running over TCP/IP.
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Default Route
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Do you want to specify a default route IP address or let the Solaris installation program find
one?
The default route provides a bridge that forwards traffic between two
physical networks. An IP address is a unique number that identifies each
host on a network.
You have the following choices:
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You can specify the IP address. An /etc/defaultrouter file
is created with the specified IP address. When the system is rebooted, the
specified IP address becomes the default route.
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You can let the Solaris installation program detect an IP
address. However, the system must be on a subnet that has a router that
advertises itself by using the ICMP router discovery protocol. If you are
using the command-line interface, the software detects an IP address when
the system is booted.
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You can choose None if you do not have a router or do not
want the software to detect an IP address at this time. The software automatically
tries to detect an IP address on reboot.
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Detect one*/Specify one/None
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Time Zone
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How do you want to specify your default time zone?
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Geographic region*
Offset from GMT
Time zone file
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Root Password
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Provide the root password for the system.
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Locales
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For which geographic regions do you want to install support?
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SPARC: Power Management (only available on SPARC systems that support
Power Management)
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Do you want to use Power Management?
Note –
If your system has Energy Star version 3 or later, you are not
prompted for this information.
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Yes*/No
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Automatic reboot or CD/DVD ejection
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Reboot automatically after software installation?
Eject CD/DVD automatically after software installation?
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Yes*/No
Yes*/No
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Default or Custom Install
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Do you want to perform a default installation, or customize the installation?
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Select Default installation to format the entire hard disk
and install a preselected set of software.
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Select Custom installation to modify the hard disk layout
and select the software that you want to install.
Note –
The text installer does not prompt you to select a Default or
Custom Installation. To perform a default installation, accept the default
values that are provided in the text installer. To perform a custom installation,
edit the values in the text installer screens.
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Default installation*/Custom installation
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Software Group
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Which Solaris Software Group do you want to install?
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Entire Plus OEM
Entire*
Developer
End User
Core
Reduced Networking
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Custom Package Selection
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Do you want to add or remove software packages from the Solaris Software
Group that you install?
Note –
When you select which packages to add or remove, you need to know
about software dependencies and how Solaris software is packaged.
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Select Disks
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On which disks do you want to install the Solaris software?
Example: c0t0d0
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x86: fdisk partitioning
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Do you want to create, delete, or modify a Solaris fdisk partition?
Each disk that is selected for file system layout must have a Solaris fdisk partition.
If your system currently has a service partition, the Solaris installation
program preserves the service partition by default. If you do not want to
preserve the service partition, you must customize the fdisk partitions.
For more information about preserving a service partition, see Default
Boot-Disk Partition Layout Preserves the Service Partition in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Network-Based Installations.
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Select Disks for fdisk Partition Customization?
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Yes/No*
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Customize fdisk partitions?
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Yes/No*
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Preserve Data
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Do you want to preserve any data that exists on the disks where you
are installing the Solaris software?
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Yes/No*
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Auto-layout File Systems
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Do you want the installation program to automatically lay out file systems
on your disks?
If yes, which file systems should be used for auto-layout?
Example: /, /opt, /var
If no, you must provide file system configuration information.
Note –
The Solaris installation GUI lays out file systems automatically
by default.
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Yes*/No
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Mount Remote File Systems
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Does this system need to access software on another file system?
If yes, provide the following information about the remote file system.
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Yes/No*
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Server:
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IP Address:
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Remote File System:
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Local Mount Point:
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If you are installing through a tip line, follow
these instructions.
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Ensure that your window display is at least 80 columns wide and 24 rows
long. For more information, see tip(1).
To determine the current dimensions of your tip window,
use the stty command. For more information, see the man
page, stty(1).
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Check your Ethernet connection.
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If the system is part of a network, verify that an Ethernet connector
or similar network adapter is connected to your system.
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Review the planning chapter and other relevant documentation.
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Where to Find Additional Installation Information
For additional information about requirements and recommendations for
installing the Solaris OS, see the following documents.
These documents are available at http://docs.sun.com.
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