Index (Multithreaded Programming Guide)

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Numbers and Symbols

	64–bit environment
		data type model ( )
		`/dev/kmem` ( )
		`/dev/mem` ( )
		large file support ( )
		large virtual address space ( )
		`libkvm` ( )
		libraries ( )
		`/proc` restrictions ( )
		registers ( )

	32-bit architectures ( )

	`__errno` ( )

	`__t_errno` ( )


A

	`Ada` ( )

	adding, signals to mask ( )

	`aio_errno` ( )

	`AIO_INPROGRESS` ( )

	`aio_result_t` ( )

	`aiocancel(3AIO)` ( ) ( )

	`aioread(3AIO)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`aiowait(3AIO)` ( )

	`aiowrite(3AIO)` ( ) ( )

	algorithms
		faster with `MT` ( )
		parallel ( )
		sequential ( )

	`ANSI C` ( )

	application-level threads ( )

	architecture
		multiprocessor ( )
		`SPARC` ( )
		SPARC ( ) ( )

	assert statement ( ) ( ) ( )

	Async-Signal-Safe
		signal handlers ( )
		functions ( ) ( )

	asynchronous
		event notification ( )
		`I/O` ( ) ( ) ( )
		semaphore use ( )
		signals ( ) ( )

	atomic, defined ( )

	automatic, stack allocation ( )


B

	binary semaphores ( )

	binding
		threads to `LWP`s ( )
		values to keys ( ) ( )

	bottlenecks ( )

	bound threads ( ) ( )
		defined ( )
		reasons to bind ( )


C

	`C`++ ( )

	cache, defined ( )

	caching, threads data structure ( )

	changing the signal mask ( ) ( )

	coarse-grained locking ( )

	code lock ( ) ( )

	code monitor ( ) ( )

	compile flag
		`-D_POSIX_C_SOURCE` ( )
		`-D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS` ( )
		`-D_REENTRANT` ( )
		single-threaded application ( )

	completion semantics ( )

	`cond_broadcast(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`cond_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`cond_init(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`cond_signal(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`cond_timedwait(3THR)` ( )

	`cond_wait(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	condition variables ( ) ( ) ( )

	condition wait
		POSIX threads ( )
		Solaris threads ( )

	contention ( ) ( )

	continue execution ( )

	counting semaphores ( ) ( )

	creating
		stacks ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		thread-specific keys ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		threads ( ) ( ) ( )

	critical section ( )

	custom stack ( ) ( ) ( )


D

	daemon threads ( )

	data
		global ( )
		local ( )
		lock ( ) ( )
		races ( )
		shared ( ) ( )
		thread specific
			See thread-specific data

	`dbx(1)` ( )

	deadlock ( ) ( )

	debugging ( ) ( )
		asynchronous signals ( )
		`dbx(1)` ( )
		deadlocks ( )
		hidden gap in synchronization ( )
		inadequate stack size ( )
		large automatic arrays ( )
		long-jumping without releasing mutex lock ( )
		`mdb(1)` ( )
		no synchronization of global memory ( )
		passing pointer to caller's stack ( )
		recursive deadlock ( )
		reevaluate conditions after return from condition wait ( )

	deleting signals from mask ( )

	destructor function ( ) ( )

	detached threads ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	Dijkstra, E. W. ( )


E

	`EAGAIN` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`EBUSY` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`EDEADLK` ( ) ( )

	`EFAULT` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`EINTR` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`EINVAL` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`ENOMEM` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`ENOSPC` ( )

	`ENOSYS` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`ENOTRECOVERABLE` ( ) ( )

	`ENOTSUP` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`EOWNERDEAD` ( ) ( )

	`EPERM` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`errno` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`errno` ( )

	`errno`, global variables ( )

	error checking ( )

	`ESRCH` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`ETIME` ( )

	event notification ( )

	examining the signal mask ( ) ( )

	`exec(2)` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`exit(2)` ( ) ( )

	`exit(3C)` ( )


F

	fair share scheduler (FSS) scheduling class ( )

	finding
		minimum stack size ( )
		thread priority ( )

	fine-grained locking ( )

	fixed priority scheduling class (FX) ( )

	flags to `thr_create()` ( )

	`flockfile(3C)` ( )

	flowchart of compile options ( )

	`fork(2)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`fork1(2)` ( ) ( )

	`FORTRAN` ( )

	`funlockfile(3C)` ( )


G

	`getc(3C)` ( )

	`getc_unlocked(3C)` ( )

	`gethostbyname(3NSL)` ( )

	`gethostbyname_r(3NSL)` ( )

	`getrusage(3C)` ( )

	global
		data ( )
		side effects ( )
		state ( )
		variables ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )


H

	heap, `malloc(3C)` storage from ( )


I

	`I/O`
		asynchronous ( ) ( )
		nonsequential ( )
		standard ( )
		synchronous ( )

	inheriting priority ( )

	interrupt ( )

	invariants ( ) ( )


J

	joining threads ( ) ( ) ( )


K

	keys
		bind value to key ( )
		get specific key ( ) ( )
		global into private ( )
		storing value of ( ) ( )

	`kill(2)` ( ) ( ) ( )


L

	`/lib/libc` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libC` ( )

	`/lib/libdl_stubs` ( )

	`/lib/libintl` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libm` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libmalloc` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libmapmalloc` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libnsl` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libpthread` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libresolv` ( )

	`/lib/librt` ( )

	`/lib/libsocket` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libthread` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libthread` ( )

	`/lib/libw` ( ) ( )

	`/lib/libX11` ( )

	`/lib/strtoaddr` ( )

	libraries, MT-Safe ( )

	library
		`C` routines ( )
		threads ( ) ( )

	lightweight processes ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		creation ( )
		debugging ( )
		defined ( )
		independence ( )
		not supported ( )
		special capabilities ( )

	limits, resources ( )

	linking with libpthread
		`-lc` ( )
		`ld` ( )
		`-lpthread` ( )

	linking with libthread
		`-lc` ( )
		`ld` ( )
		`-lthread` ( )

	`ln(1)`, linking ( )

	local variable ( )

	lock hierarchy ( )

	locking ( )
		coarse grained ( ) ( )
		code ( )
		conditional ( )
		data ( )
		fine-grained ( ) ( )
		guidelines ( ) ( )
		invariants ( )

	locks ( )
		mutual exclusion ( ) ( ) ( )
		read-write ( )
		readers/writer ( )

	`longjmp(3C)` ( ) ( )

	`-lposix4` library, `POSIX` 1003.1c semaphore ( )

	`lseek(2)` ( )

	`LWP`s
		See lightweight processes


M

	`main()` ( )

	`malloc(3C)` ( )

	`MAP_NORESERVE` ( )

	`MAP_SHARED` ( )

	`mdb(1)` ( ) ( )

	memory
		consistency ( )
		ordering, relaxed ( )
		strongly ordered ( )

	`mmap(2)` ( ) ( )

	monitor, code ( ) ( )

	`mprotect(2)` ( )

	`-mt` ( )

	MT-Safe libraries
		alternative `mmap(2)`-based memory allocation library ( )
		`C`++ runtime shared objects ( )
		internationalization ( )
		math library ( )
		network interfaces of the form `getXXbyYY_r` ( )
		network name-to-address translation ( )
		socket library for making network connections ( )
		space-efficient memory allocation ( )
		static switch compiling ( )
		thread-safe form of unsafe interfaces ( )
		thread-specific `errno` support ( )
		wide character and wide string support for multibyte locales ( )
		X11 Windows routines ( )

	multiple-readers, single-writer locks ( )

	multiprocessors ( ) ( )

	multithreading, defined ( )

	mutex
		`PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK` ( )
		`PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL` ( )
		`PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECUSIVE` ( )

	mutex, mutual exclusion locks ( )

	`mutex_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`mutex_init(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`mutex_lock(3THR)` ( )

	mutex scope ( )

	`mutex_trylock(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`mutex_unlock(3THR)` ( )

	mutual exclusion locks ( ) ( ) ( )
		attributes ( )
		deadlock ( )
		default attributes ( )
		scope, Solaris and `POSIX` ( )
		type attribute ( )


N

	`NDEBUG` ( )

	netdir ( )

	netselect ( )

	`nice(2)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	nondetached threads ( )

	nonsequential `I/O` ( )

	null
		threads ( ) ( ) ( )

	null procedures
		`/lib/libpthread` stub ( )
		`/lib/libthread` stub ( )


P

	parallel, algorithms ( )

	`Pascal` ( )

	`PC`, program counter ( )

	`PC_GETCID` ( )

	`PC_GETCLINFO` ( )

	`PC_GETPARMS` ( )

	`PC_SETPARMS` ( )

	Peterson's Algorithm ( )

	`PL/1` language ( )

	portability ( )

	`POSIX` 1003.4a ( )

	`pread(2)` ( ) ( )

	`printf(3S)` ( ) ( )

	`printf` problem ( )

	`priocntl(2)` ( ) ( ) ( )
		`PC_GETCID` ( )
		`PC_GETCLINFO` ( )
		`PC_GETPARMS` ( )
		`PC_SETPARMS` ( )

	priority ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		finding for a thread ( )
		inheritance ( ) ( )
		and scheduling ( )
		range ( )
		setting for a thread ( )

	priority inversion ( )

	process
		terminating ( )
		traditional `UNIX` ( )

	producer/consumer problem ( ) ( ) ( )

	programmer-allocated stack ( ) ( ) ( )

	prolagen, semaphore, `P` operation ( )

	`pthread_atfork(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`pthread_attr_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getguardsize(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getinheritsched(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getschedparam(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getscope(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getstackaddr(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_getstacksize(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_init(3THR)` ( )
		attribute values ( )

	`pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setguardsize(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setschedparam(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setscope(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_attr_setstacksize(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_cancel(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_cleanup_pop(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_cleanup_push(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_cond_broadcast(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`pthread_cond_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_cond_init(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_cond_signal(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`pthread_cond_timedwait(3THR)` ( )
		example ( )

	`pthread_cond_wait(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`pthread_condattr_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_condattr_getpshared(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_condattr_init(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_condattr_setpshared(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_create(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_detach(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_equal(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_exit(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`pthread_getconcurrency(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_getschedparam(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_getspecific(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`pthread_join(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`pthread_key_create(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`pthread_key_delete(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_kill(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`pthread_mutex_consistent_np(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutex_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutex_getprioceiling(3THR)`, get priority ceiling of mutex ( )

	`pthread_mutex_init(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutex_lock(3THR)` ( )
		example ( ) ( ) ( )

	`pthread_mutex_setprioceiling(3THR)`, set priority ceiling of mutex ( )

	`pthread_mutex_trylock(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`pthread_mutex_unlock(3THR)` ( )
		example ( ) ( ) ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_destroy(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling(3THR)`, get priority ceiling of mutex attribute ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol(3THR)`, get protocol of mutex attribute ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np(3THR)`, get robust attribute of mutex ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_gettype(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_init(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling(3THR)`, set priority ceiling of mutex attribute ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(3THR)`, set protocol of mutex attribute ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np(3THR)`, set robust attribute of mutex ( )

	`pthread_mutexattr_settype(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_once(3THR)` ( )

	`PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT` ( )

	`PTHREAD_PRIO_NONE` ( )

	`PTHREAD_PRIO_PROTECT` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_init(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_rdlock(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_unlock(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlock_wrlock(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlockattr_init(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(3THR)` ( )

	`PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS` ( ) ( )

	`PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM` ( ) ( )

	`pthread_self(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_setcancelstate(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_setcanceltype(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_setconcurrency(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_setschedparam(3THR)` ( )

	`pthread_setspecific(3THR)` ( ) ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`pthread_sigmask(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`PTHREAD_STACK_MIN()` ( )

	`pthread_testcancel(3THR)` ( )

	`putc(3C)` ( )

	`putc_unlocked(3C)` ( )

	`pwrite(2)` ( ) ( )


R

	`_r` ( )

	`read(2)` ( ) ( )

	read-write locks ( ) ( )
		attribute ( )
		attributes ( )

	readers/writer locks ( )

	realtime, scheduling ( )

	red zone ( ) ( )

	reentrant ( )
		described ( )
		functions ( ) ( )
		strategies for making ( )

	register state ( )

	relaxed memory ordering ( )

	remote procedure call `RPC` ( )

	replacing signal mask ( )

	resume execution ( ) ( )

	`RPC` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`RT`,
		See realtime

	`rw_rdlock(3THR)` ( )

	`rw_tryrdlock(3THR)` ( )

	`rw_trywrlock(3THR)` ( )

	`rw_unlock(3THR)` ( )

	`rw_wrlock(3THR)` ( )

	`rwlock_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`rwlock_init(3THR)` ( ) ( )


S

	`SA_RESTART` ( )

	safety, threads interfaces ( ) ( )

	`sched_yield(3RT)` ( )

	scheduling
		realtime ( )
		system class ( )
		timeshare ( ) ( )

	scheduling class
		fair share scheduler (FSS) ( )
		fixed priority scheduler (FX) ( )
		priority ( )
		timeshare ( )

	`sem_destroy(3RT)` ( )

	`sem_init(3RT)` ( )
		example ( )

	`sem_post(3RT)` ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`sem_trywait(3RT)` ( ) ( )

	`sem_wait(3RT)` ( ) ( )
		example ( )

	`sema_destroy(3THR)` ( )

	`sema_init(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`sema_post(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`sema_trywait(3THR)` ( )

	`sema_wait(3THR)` ( )

	semaphores ( ) ( ) ( )
		binary ( )
		counting ( )
		counting, defined ( )
		decrement semaphore value ( )
		increment semaphore value ( )
		interprocess ( )
		intraprocess ( )
		named ( )

	sending signal to thread ( ) ( )

	sequential algorithms ( )

	`setjmp(3C)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	shared data ( ) ( )

	shared-memory multiprocessor ( )

	`SIG_BLOCK` ( )

	`SIG_DFL` ( )

	`SIG_IGN` ( )

	`SIG_SETMASK` ( )

	`SIG_UNBLOCK` ( )

	`sigaction(2)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`SIGFPE` ( ) ( )

	`SIGILL` ( )

	`SIGINT` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`SIGIO` ( ) ( )

	`siglongjmp(3C)` ( ) ( ) ( )

	`signal(5)` ( )

	`signal(3C)` ( )

	`signal.h` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	signals
		access mask ( ) ( )
		add to mask ( )
		asynchronous ( ) ( )
		delete from mask ( )
		handler ( ) ( )
		inheritance ( )
		masks ( )
		pending ( ) ( )
		replace current mask ( )
		send to thread ( ) ( )
		`SIG_BLOCK` ( )
		`SIG_SETMASK` ( )
		`SIG_UNBLOCK` ( )
		`SIGSEGV` ( )
		unmasked and caught ( )

	`sigprocmask(2)` ( )

	`SIGPROF`, interval timer ( )

	`sigqueue(3RT)` ( )

	`SIGSEGV` ( ) ( )

	`sigsend(2)` ( ) ( )

	`sigsetjmp(3C)` ( ) ( )

	`sigtimedwait(3RT)` ( )

	`SIGVTALRM`, interval timer ( )

	`sigwait(2)` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	single-threaded
		assumptions ( )
		code ( )
		defined ( )
		processes ( )

	size of stack ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	stack ( )
		address ( ) ( )
		boundaries ( )
		creation ( ) ( )
		custom ( )
		deallocation ( )
		minimum size ( ) ( )
		overflows ( )
		parameters ( )
		pointer ( )
		programmer-allocated ( ) ( ) ( )
		red zone ( ) ( )
		returning a pointer to ( )
		size ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	stack_base ( ) ( )

	stack_size ( ) ( )

	standard `I/O` ( )

	standards ( )

	`start_routine()` ( )

	static storage ( ) ( )

	`stdio` ( ) ( )

	store buffer ( )

	storing thread key value ( ) ( )

	streaming a tape drive ( )

	strongly ordered memory ( )

	suspending a new thread ( )

	swap space ( )

	synchronization objects ( ) ( )
		condition variables ( ) ( ) ( )
		mutex locks ( ) ( )
		read-write locks ( )
		semaphores ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	synchronous `I/O` ( ) ( )

	system calls, handling errors ( )

	system scheduling class ( )


T

	tape drive, streaming ( )

	terminating
		process ( )
		threads ( )

	`THR_BOUND` ( )

	`thr_continue(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`thr_create(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`THR_DAEMON` ( )

	`THR_DETACHED` ( )

	`thr_exit(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`thr_getprio(3THR)` ( )

	`thr_getspecific(3THR)` ( )

	`thr_join(3THR)` ( )

	`thr_keycreate(3THR)` ( )

	`thr_kill(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`thr_min_stack(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`thr_self(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`thr_setprio(3THR)` ( )

	`thr_setspecific(3THR)` ( )

	`thr_sigsetmask(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	`THR_SUSPENDED` ( )

	`thr_yield(3THR)` ( ) ( )

	thread-directed signal ( )

	thread-private storage ( )

	thread-specific data ( ) ( )
		global ( ) ( ) ( )
		global into private ( )
		new storage class ( )
		private ( )

	thread synchronization
		condition variables ( )
		mutex locks ( )
		mutual exclusion locks ( )
		read-write locks ( )
		read/write locks ( )
		semaphores ( ) ( ) ( )

	threads
		creating ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		daemon ( )
		defined ( )
		detached ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		exit status ( )
		identifiers ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		initial ( )
		joining ( ) ( ) ( )
		keys ( )
		library ( ) ( )
		lightweight processes ( )
		nondetached ( )
		null ( ) ( ) ( )
		priority ( )
		private data ( )
		safety ( ) ( )
		signals ( )
		stack ( )
		suspended ( )
		suspending ( )
		synchronizing ( ) ( )
		terminating ( ) ( ) ( )
		thread-specific data ( )
		unbound threads ( )
		user-level ( ) ( ) ( )

	time-out ( )
		example ( )

	timeshare scheduling class ( ) ( )

	tiuser.h ( )

	`TLI` ( )

	TLI ( )

	tools
		`dbx(1)` ( )
		`mdb(1)` ( )

	total store order ( )

	trap ( )
		default action ( )

	`TS`,
		See timeshare scheduling class

	`TSD`
		See thread-specific data


U

	unbound threads ( )
		caching ( )
		priorities ( )
		and scheduling ( )
		`priocntl(2)` ( )

	`UNIX` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	user-level threads ( ) ( ) ( )

	`/usr/include/errno.h` ( )

	`/usr/include/limits.h` ( )

	`/usr/include/pthread.h` ( )

	`/usr/include/signal.h` ( )

	`/usr/include/thread.h` ( )

	`/usr/include/unistd.h` ( )

	`/usr/lib`, 32–bit threads library, Solaris 9 Operating Environment ( )

	`/usr/lib/lwp`, 32–bit threads library, Solaris 8 Operating Environment ( )

	`/usr/lib/lwp/64`, 64-bit threads library, Solaris 8 Operating Environment ( )

	`USYNC_PROCESS` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

	`USYNC_PROCESS_ROBUST` ( )

	`USYNC_THREAD` ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )


V

	variables
		condition ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
		global ( )
		primitive ( )

	verhogen, semaphore, `V` operation ( )

	`vfork(2)` ( )


W

	`write(2)` ( ) ( )


X

	`XDR` ( )

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