|

Alternate stack results. Example: ( input -- adr len false | result true ). 

?

Unknown stack items (changed from ???).

???

Unknown stack items. 

adr

Memory address (generally a virtual address). 

adr16

Memory address, must be 16-bit aligned. 

adr32

Memory address, must be 32-bit aligned. 

adr64

Memory address, must be 64-bit aligned. 

byte bxxx

8-bit value (smallest byte in a 32-bit word). 

char

7-bit value (smallest byte), high bit unspecified. 

cnt/len/size

Count or length.  

flag xxx?

0 = false; any other value = true (usually -1). 

long lxxx

32-bit value. 

n n1 n2 n3

Normal signed values. 

+n u

Unsigned, positive values. 

phys

Physical address (actual hardware address). 

pstr

Packed string (adr len means unpacked string).

virt

Virtual address (address used by software). 

word wxxx

16-bit value. 

xt

Execution token. 

help

List main help categories. 

help category

Show help for all commands in the category. Use only the first word of the category description.

help command

Show help for individual command (where available).

.properties

Display the names and values of the current node's properties. 

dev node-name

Search for a node with the given name in the subtree below the current node, and choose the first such node found. 

dev ..

Choose the device node that is the parent of the current node. 

dev /

Choose the root machine node. 

device-end

Leave the device tree. 

ls

Display the names of the current node's children. 

pwd

Display the device path name that names the current node. 

show-devs [device-path]

Display all the devices directly under the specified device in the device tree; without device-path it shows the entire device tree.

words

Display the names of the current node's methods. 

[device-specifier]

The name (full path name or alias) of a device. Examples: 

cdrom (CD-ROM drive)

disk (hard disk)

net (Ethernet)

tape (SCSI tape)

[filename]

The name of the program to be booted (for example, stand/diag). If specified, filename is relative to the root of the selected device and partition. If not, the boot program uses the value of the boot-file or diag-file based on diag-switch? parameter.

[options]

-a - Prompt interactively for the device and name of the boot file.

-h - Halt after loading the program.

(OS-specific options may differ from system to system.)

Hold down keys during power-on sequence. 

Stop

Bypass POST. This command does not depend on security-mode. (Note: some systems bypass POST as a default; in such cases, use Stop-D to start POST.)

Stop-A

Abort. 

Stop-D

Enter diagnostic mode (set diag-switch? to true).

Stop-F

Enter Forth on TTYA instead of probing. Use fexit to continue with the initialization sequence. (Useful if hardware is broken.)

Stop-N

Reset NVRAM contents to default values. 

probe-scsi

Identify devices attached to the built-in SCSI bus. 

test device-specifier

Execute the specified device's self-test method. For example: 

test floppy - test the floppy drive, if installed

test net - test the network connection

test-all [device-specifier]

Test all devices (that have a built-in self-test method) below the specified node. (If device-specifier is absent, the root node is used.)

watch-clock

Test the clock function. 

watch-net

Monitor the network connection. 

devalias

Display all current device aliases.  

devalias alias

Display the device path name corresponding to alias. 

devalias alias device-path

Define an alias representing the device path. If an alias with the same name already exists, the new value supersedes the old.  

banner

Display the power-on banner. 

.version

Display the version and date of the boot PROM. 

Display CPU and bus speeds. 

boot [specifiers] -h

( -- )

Load file from specified source. 

byte-load

( adr xt-- )

Interpret a loaded FCode binary file. xt is usually 1. 

dl

( -- )

dlbin

( -- )

Load a binary file over a serial line with TIP. Type: ~C cat filename

dload filename

( adr -- )

Load specified file over Ethernet to given address. 

go

( -- )

Begin executing a previously-loaded binary program, or resume executing an interrupted program. 

init-program

( -- )

Initialize to execute a binary file. 

load [specifiers]

( -- )

Load data from specified device into memory at the address given by load-base. (See boot format.)

load-base

( -- adr )

Address at which load places the data it reads from a device.

%g0 through %g7

( -- value )

Return the value in the given register. 

%i0 through %i7

( -- value )

Return the value in the given register. 

%l0 through %l7

( -- value )

Return the value in the given register. 

%o0 through %o7

( -- value )

Return the value in the given register. 

%pc %npc

( -- value )

Return the value in the given register. 

.fregisters

( -- )

Display values in %f0 through %f31. 

.locals

( -- )

Display the values in the i, l and o registers. 

.registers

( -- )

Display values in %g0 through %g7, plus some processor registers. 

.window

( window# -- )

Display the desired window. 

ctrace

( -- )

Display the return stack showing C subroutines. 

set-pc

( value -- )

Set %pc to the given value, and set %npc to (value+4). 

to regname

( value -- )

Change the value stored in any of the above registers. Use in the form: value to regname.

w

( window# -- )

Set the current window for displaying registers. 

%fprs %asi %pstate %tl-c %pil %tstate %tt %tba %cwp %cansave %canrestore %otherwin %wstate %cleanwin 

( -- value )

Return the value in the specified register. 

( -- )

Formatted display of the processor state register. 

( -- )

Formatted display of the version register. 

( -- )

Formatted display of the ccr register. 

( -- )

Display trap-related registers. 

+bp

( adr -- )

Add a breakpoint at the given address. 

-bp

( adr -- )

Remove the breakpoint at the given address. 

--bp

( -- )

Remove the most-recently-set breakpoint. 

.bp

( -- )

Display all currently set breakpoints. 

.breakpoint

( -- )

Perform a specified action when a breakpoint occurs (Example, ). ['] .registers to .breakpoint

.instruction

( -- )

Display the address, opcode for the last-encountered breakpoint.  

.step

( -- )

Perform a specified action when a single step occurs.  

bpoff

( -- )

Remove all breakpoints. 

finish-loop

( -- )

Execute until the end of this loop. 

go

( -- )

Continue from a breakpoint. This can be used to go to an arbitrary address by setting up the processor's program counter before issuing go.

gos

( n -- )

Execute go n times.

hop

( -- )

(Like the step command.) Treats a subroutine call as a single instruction.

hops

( n -- )

Execute hop n times.

return

( -- )

Execute until the end of this subroutine. 

returnl

( -- )

Execute until the end of this leaf subroutine. 

skip

( -- )

Skip (do not execute) the current instruction. 

step

( -- )

Single-step one instruction. 

steps

( n -- )

Execute step n times.

till

( adr -- )

Execute until the given address is encountered. Equivalent to +bp go.

eject-floppy

( -- )

Eject the diskette from the drive. 

firmware-version

( -- n )

Return major/minor CPU firmware version (that is, 0x00030009 = firmware version 3.9). 

ftrace

( -- )

Show calling sequence when exception occurred. 

get-msecs

( -- ms )

Return the approximate current time in milliseconds. 

ms

( n -- )

Delay for n milliseconds. Resolution is 1 millisecond. 

reset-all

( -- )

Reset the entire system (similar to a power cycle). 

sync

( -- )

Call the operating system to write any pending information to the hard disk.  

Parameter Name 

Default

Description 

auto-boot?

true

If true, boot automatically after power-on or reset. 

boot-command

boot

Executed when auto-boot? is true.

boot-device

disk net

Device from which to boot. 

boot-file

empty string

File to boot (an empty string lets secondary booter choose default). 

diag-device

net

Diagnostic boot source device.  

diag-file

empty string

File from which to boot in diagnostic mode. 

min

Level of diagnostics to run (min or max).

diag-switch?

false

If true, run in diagnostic mode. 

fcode-debug?

false

If true, include name fields for plug-in device FCodes. 

input-device

keyboard

Power-on input device (usually keyboard, ttya, or ttyb).

keymap

no default

Keymap for custom keyboard. 

nvramrc

empty string

NVRAM Startup script. 

oem-banner

empty string

Custom OEM banner (enabled by oem-banner? true).

oem-banner?

false

If true, use custom OEM banner. 

output-device

screen

Power-on output device (usually screen, ttya, or ttyb).

sbus-probe-list

01

Which SBus slots are probed and in what order. 

scsi-initiator-id

7

SCSI bus address of host adapter, range 0-f. 

security-mode

none

Firmware security level (none, command, or full).

security-password

no default

Firmware security password (never displayed).  

ttya-mode

9600,8,n,1,-

TTYA (baud, #bits, parity, #stop, handshake). 

ttyb-mode

9600,8,n,1,-

TTYB (baud, #bits, parity, #stop, handshake). 

ttya-ignore-cd

true

If true, OS ignores TTYA carrier-detect. 

ttyb-ignore-cd

true

If true, OS ignores TTYB 

carrier-detect. 

ttya-rts-dtr-off

false

If true, OS does not assert DTR and RTS on TTYA. 

ttyb-rts-dtr-off

false

If true, OS does not assert DTR and RTS on TTYB. 

use-nvramrc?

false

If true, execute commands in NVRAMRC during system start-up. 

watchdog-reboot?

false

If true, reboot after watchdog reset. 

Set security-password.

printenv [parameter]

Display all current parameters and current default values (numbers are usually shown as decimal values). printenv parameter shows the current value of the named parameter.

setenv parameter value

Set the parameter to the given decimal or text value.  

(Changes are permanent, but usually only take effect after a reset). 

set-default parameter

Reset the value of the named parameter to the factory default. 

set-defaults

Reset parameter values to the factory defaults. 

nvalias alias device-path

Store the command "devalias alias device-path" in NVRAMRC. (The alias persists until the nvunalias or set-defaults commands are executed.) Turns on use-nvramrc?

nvedit

Enter the NVRAMRC editor. If data remains in the temporary buffer from a previous nvedit session, resume editing those previous contents. If not, read the contents of NVRAMRC into the temporary buffer and begin editing it.

nvquit

Discard the contents of the temporary buffer, without writing it to NVRAMRC.  

nvrecover

Recover the contents of NVRAMRC if they have been lost as a result of the execution of set-defaults; then enter the editor as with nvedit. nvrecover fails if nvedit is executed between the time that the NVRAMRC contents were lost and the time that nvrecover is executed.

nvstore

Copy the contents of the temporary buffer to NVRAMRC; discard the contents of the temporary buffer. 

nvunalias alias

Delete the corresponding alias from NVRAMRC. 

Move 

^P

^A

escB

^B

^F

escF

^E

^N

Delete 

^U

^ W

Del

^D

escD

^K

Re-type line: ^R

Show all lines: ^L

Paste after: ^K ^Y

Complete command: ^ space

Show all matches: ^/ or ^?}

ok nvedit

:

(use editor commands) 

:

^c

get back to ok prompt

ok nvstore

save changes 

ok setenv use-nvramrc? true

enable NVRAMRC 

-rot

( n1 n2 n3 -- n3 n1 n2 )

Inversely rotate three stack items. 

>r

( n -- )

Move a stack item to the return stack. 

?dup

( n -- n n | 0 )

Duplicate the top stack item if non-zero. 

2drop

( n1 n2 -- )

Remove top two items from the stack. 

2dup

( n1 n2 -- n1 n2 n1 n2 )

Duplicate top two stack items. 

2over

( n1 n2 n3 n4 -- n1 n2 n3 n4 n1 n2 )

Copy second two stack items. 

2swap

( n1 n2 n3 n4 -- n3 n4 n1 n2 )

Exchange top two pairs of stack items. 

clear

( ??? -- )

Empty the stack. 

depth

( ??? -- ??? +n )

Return the number of items on the stack. 

drop

( n -- )

Remove the top item from the stack. 

dup

( n -- n n )

Duplicate the top stack item. 

over

( n1 n2 -- n1 n2 n1 )

Copy the second stack item to the top of the stack. 

pick

( nu ... n1 n0 u -- nu ... n1 n0 nu )

Copy u-th stack item (1 pick = over).

r>

( -- n )

Move a return stack item to the stack. 

r@

( -- n )

Copy the top of the return stack to the stack.  

roll

( nu ... n1 n0 u -- nu-1 ... n1 n0 nu )

Rotate u stack items (2 roll = rot).

rot

( n1 n2 n3 -- n2 n3 n1 )

Rotate three stack items. 

swap

( n1 n2 -- n2 n1 )

Exchange the top two stack items. 

tuck

( n1 n2 -- n2 n1 n2 )

Copy the top stack item below the second item. 

decimal

( -- )

Set the number base to 10. 

d# number

( -- n )

Interpret the next number in decimal; base is unchanged. 

hex

( -- )

Set the number base to 16. 

h# number

( -- n )

Interpret the next number in hex; base is unchanged. 

.d

( n -- )

Display n in decimal without changing base. 

.h

( n -- )

Display n in hex without changing base. 

.

( n -- )

Display a number in the current base. 

.s

( -- )

Display contents of data stack. 

showstack

( -- )

Execute .s automatically before each ok prompt.

*

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

Multiply n1 * n2.

+

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

Add n1 + n2.

-

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

Subtract n1 - n2

/

( n1 n2 -- quot )

Divide n1 / n2; remainder is discarded.

lshift

( n1 +n -- n2 )

Left-shift n1 by +n bits.

rshift

( n1 +n -- n2 )

Right-shift n1 by +n bits.

>>a

( n1 +n -- n2 )

Arithmetic right-shift n1 by +n bits.

abs

( n -- u )

Absolute value. 

and

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

Bitwise logical AND.

bounds

( n cnt -- n+cnt n )

Prepare arguments for  

do or ?do loop.

bljoin

( b.low b2 b3 b.hi -- long )

Join four bytes to form a 32-bit value. 

bwjoin

( b.low b.hi -- word )

Join two bytes to form a 16-bit value. 

lbsplit

( long -- b.low b2 b3 b.hi )

Split a 32-bit value into four bytes. 

lwsplit

( long -- w.low w.hi )

Split a 32-bit value into two 16-bit words. 

max

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

n3 is maximum of n1 and n2.

min

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

n3 is minimum of n1 and n2.

mod

( n1 n2 -- rem )

Remainder of n1 / n2.

negate

( n1 -- n2 )

Change the sign of n1.

invert

( n1 -- n2 )

Bitwise ones complement. 

or

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

Bitwise logical OR.

wbsplit

( word -- b.low b.hi )

Split 16-bit value into two bytes. 

wljoin

( w.low w.hi -- long )

Join two 16-bit values to form a 32-bit value. 

xor

( n1 n2 -- n3 )

Bitwise exclusive OR.

+dis

( -- )

Continue disassembling where the last disassembly left off. 

dis

( adr -- )

Begin disassembling at the given address. 

!

( n adr -- )

Store a number at adr.

+!

( n adr -- )

Add n to the number stored at ad.

@

( adr -- n )

Fetch a number from adr.

c!

( n adr -- )

Store low byte of n at adr.

c@

( adr -- byte )

Fetch a byte from adr.

cpeek

( adr -- false | byte true )

Fetch the byte at adr. Return the data and true if the access was successful. Return false if a read access error occurred. (Also lpeek, wpeek.)

cpoke

( byte adr -- okay? )

Store the byte to adr. Return true if the access was successful. Return false if a write access error occurred. (Also lpoke, wpoke.)

comp

( adr1 adr2 len -- n )

Compare two byte arrays, n = 0 if arrays are identical, n = 1 if first byte that is different is greater in array#1, n = -1 otherwise. 

dump

( adr len -- )

Display len bytes of memory starting at adr. 

fill

( adr size byte -- )

Set size bytes of memory to byte. 

l!

( n adr32 -- )

Store a 32-bit number at adr32. 

l@

( adr32 -- long )

Fetch a 32-bit number from adr32. 

move

( src dst u -- )

Copy u bytes from src to dst, handle overlap properly. 

w!

( n adr16 -- )

Store a 16-bit number at adr16, must be 16-bit aligned. 

w@

( adr16 -- word )

Fetch a 16-bit number from adr16, must be 16-bit aligned. 

( o oaddr -- )

Store a 64-bit number at oaddr, must be 64-bit aligned. 

( oaddr -- o )

Fetch a 64-bit number from oaddr, must be 64-bit aligned. 

alloc-mem

( size -- virt )

Allocate and map size bytes of available memory; return the virtual address. Unmap with free-mem.

free-mem

( virt size -- )

Free memory allocated by alloc-mem.

free-virtual

( virt size -- )

Undo mappings created with memmap.

map?

( virt -- )

Display memory map information for the virtual address. 

memmap

( phys space size -- virt )

Map a region of physical addresses; return the allocated virtual address. Unmap with free-virtual.

obio

( -- space )

Specify the device address space for mapping. 

obmem

( -- space )

Specify the onboard memory address space for mapping. 

pgmap!

( pmentry virt -- )

Store a new page map entry for the virtual address. 

pgmap?

( virt -- )

Display the decoded page map entry corresponding to the virtual address. 

pgmap@

( virt -- pmentry )

Return the page map entry for the virtual address. 

pagesize

( -- size )

Return the size of a page (often 8K). 

sbus

( -- space )

Specify the SBus address space for mapping. 

: name

( -- ) Usage: ( ??? -- ? )

Start creating a new colon definition. 

;

( -- )

Finish creating a new colon definition. 

buffer: name

( size -- ) Usage: ( -- adr )

Create a named array in temporary storage. 

constant name

( n -- ) Usage: ( -- n )

Define a constant (for example, 3 constant bar).

create name

( -- ) Usage: ( -- adr )

Generic defining word. 

defer name

( -- ) Usage: ( ??? -- ? )

Define forward reference or execution vector. 

value name

( n -- ) Usage: ( -- n )

Create a changeable, named quantity. 

variable name

( -- ) Usage: ( -- adr )

Define a variable. 

' name

( -- xt )

Find the named word in the dictionary. (Returns the execution token. Use outside definitions.) 

['] name

( -- xt )

Similar to ' but is used inside definitions. 

.calls

( xt -- )

Display a list of all words that call the word whose execution token is xt.  

$find

( adr len -- adr len false | xt n )

Find a word. n = 0 if not found, n = 1 if immediate, n = -1 otherwise. 

see thisword

( -- )

Decompile the named command. 

(see)

( xt -- )

Decompile the word indicated by the execution token. 

sifting ccc

( -- )

Display names of all dictionary entries containing the sequence of characters. ccc contains no spaces. 

words

( -- )

Display visible words in the dictionary. 

" Ccc"

( -- adr len )

Collect an input stream string. 

." ccc"

( -- )

Compile a string for later display. 

bl

( -- char )

ASCII code for the space character; decimal 32.  

count

( pstr -- adr +n )

Unpack a packed string. 

p" ccc"

( -- pstr )

Collect a string from the input stream; store as a packed string. 

,

( n -- )

Place a number in the dictionary. 

c,

( byte -- )

Place a byte in the dictionary. 

w,

( word -- )

Place a 16-bit number in the dictionary. 

l,

( long -- )

Place a 32-bit number in the dictionary. 

allot

( n -- )

Allocate n bytes in the dictionary. 

forget name

( -- )

Remove word from dictionary and all subsequent words. 

here

( -- adr )

Address of top of dictionary. 

to name

( n -- )

Install a new action in a defer word or value.

patch new-word old-word word-to-patch

( -- )

Replace old-word with new-word in word-to-patch.

(patch)

( new-n old-n xt -- )

Replace old-n with new-n in word indicated by xt. 

( ccc )

( -- )

Begin a comment. 

\ rest-of-line

( -- )

Skip the rest of the line. 

ascii ccc

( -- char )

Get numerical value of first ASCII character of next word. 

key

( -- char )

Read a character from the assigned input device. 

key?

( -- flag )

True if a character has been entered from the input device.. 

cr

( -- )

Terminate a line on the display and go to the next line. 

emit

( char -- )

Display the character. 

type

( adr +n -- )

Display n characters. 

input

( dev-spec -- )

Select device (ttya, ttyb, keyboard, or " dev-speci") for subsequent input.

io

( dev-spec -- )

Select device for subsequent input and output.  

output

( dev-spec -- )

Select device (ttya, ttyb, screen, or " dev-spec") for subsequent output.

<

( n1 n2 -- flag )

True if n1 < n2. 

<=

( n1 n2 -- flag )

True if n1 <= n2. 

<>

( n1 n2 -- flag )

True if n1 <> n2. 

=

( n1 n2 -- flag )

True if n1 = n2. 

>

( n1 n2 -- flag )

True if n1 > n2. 

>=

( n1 n2 -- flag )

True if n1 >= n2. 

between

( n min max -- flag )

True if min <= n <= max. 

u<

( u1 u2 -- flag )

True if u1 < u2, unsigned. 

u<=

( u1 u2 -- flag )

True if u1 <= u2, unsigned. 

u>

( u1 u2 -- flag )

True if u1 > u2, unsigned. 

u>=

( u1 u2 -- flag )

True if u1 >= u2, unsigned. 

within

( n min max -- flag )

True if min <= n < max. 

else

( -- )

if

( flag -- )

Execute the following code if flag is true. 

then

( -- )

Terminate if...else...then.

again

( -- )

End a begin...again infinite loop.

begin

( -- )

Begin a begin...while...repeat, begin...until, or begin...again loop.

repeat

( -- )

End a begin...while...repeat loop.

until

( flag -- )

Continue executing a begin...until loop until flag is true.

while

( flag -- )

Continue executing a begin...while...repeat loop while flag is true.

+loop

( n -- )

End a do...+loop construct; add n to loop index and return to do (if n < 0, index goes from start to end inclusive).

?do

( end start -- )

Begin ?do...loop to be executed 0 or more times. Index goes from start to end-1 inclusive. If end = start, loop is not executed.

do

( end start -- )

Begin a do...loop. Index goes from start to end-1 inclusive. Example: 10 0 do i . loop (prints 0 1 2...d e f).

i

( -- n )

Loop index. 

j

( -- n )

Loop index for next enclosing loop. 

leave

( -- )

Exit from do...loop.

loop

( -- )

End of do...loop.

abort

( -- )

Abort current execution and interpret keyboard commands. 

abort" ccc"

( abort? -- )

If flag is true, abort and display message. 

eval

( adr len -- )

Interpret Forth source from an array.  

execute

( xt -- )

Execute the word whose execution token is on the stack. 

exit

( -- )

Return from the current word. (Cannot be used in counted loops.) 

quit

( -- )

Same as abort, but leave stack intact.

spacec!

( byte adr asi -- )

Store the byte at asi and address. 

spacec@

( adr asi -- byte )

Fetch the byte from asi and address. 

spaced!

( n1 n2 adr asi -- )

Store the two values at asi and address. Order is implementation-dependent. 

spaced@

( adr asi -- n1 n2 )

Fetch the two values from asi and address. Order is implementation-dependent. 

spacel!

( long adr asi -- )

Store the 32-bit word at asi and address. 

spacel@

( adr asi -- long )

Fetch the 32-bit word from asi and address. 

spacew!

( word adr asi -- )

Store the 16-bit word at asi and address. 

spacew@

( adr asi -- word )

Fetch the 16-bit word from asi and address. 

spacex!

( x adr asi -- )

Store the 64-bit word at asi and address. 

spacex@

( adr asi -- x )

Fetch the 64-bit word from asi and address. 

clear-cache

( -- )

Invalidate all cache entries. 

cache-off

( -- )

Disable the cache. 

cache-on

( -- )

Enable the cache. 

flush-cache

( -- )

Write back any pending data from the cache. 

switch-cpu

( cpu# -- )

Switch to indicated CPU. 

abort

( -- )

Abort current execution and interpret keyboard commands. 

abort" ccc"

( abort? -- )

If flag is true, abort and display message. 

eval

( adr len -- )

Interpret Forth source from an array.  

execute

( xt -- )

Execute the word whose execution token is on the stack. 

exit

( -- )

Return from the current word. (Cannot be used in counted loops.) 

quit

( -- )

Same as abort, but leave stack intact.