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Solaris 2.6 System Administrator Collection Vol 1
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System Administration Guide
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Solaris 2.6 System Administrator Collection Vol 1
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System Administration Guide
Book Information
Preface
Who Should Use This Book
How This Book Is Organized
Using AnswerBook2 to Read This Book
Ordering Sun Documents
SPARC and x86 Information
What Typographic Changes Mean
Shell Prompts in Command Examples
General Conventions
Part I Managing User Accounts and Groups
1. Managing User Accounts and Groups (Overview)
What Are User Accounts and Groups
Guidelines for Managing User Accounts
Guidelines for Managing Groups
Tools for Managing User Accounts and Groups
What You Can Do With Admintool
Where User Account and Group Information Is Stored
Customizing a User's Work Environment
2. Setting Up and Maintaining User Accounts and Groups (Tasks)
Becoming Superuser (root)
Setting Up User Accounts
Maintaining User Accounts Task Map
Solaris User Registration
Part II Managing Server and Client Support
3. Managing Server and Client Support (Overview)
Where to Find Server and Client Tasks
What Are Servers and Clients
What Does Support Mean
Overview of System Types
Guidelines for Choosing System Types
Tools for Managing Server and Client Support
What You Can Do With Host Manager
What You Can't Do With Host Manager
Running Host Manager as Superuser
4. Managing Server and Client Support (Tasks)
Adding Server and Client Support Task Map
Maintaining Server and Client Support
Using the Host Manager Command-Line Interface to Automate Setup Tasks
Part III Shutting Down and Booting a System
5. Shutting Down and Booting a System (Overview)
What's New in Shutting Down and Booting a System
Where to Find Shutting Down and Booting Tasks
Terminology
Guidelines for Shutting Down a System
Guidelines for Booting a System
Performing a Reconfiguration Boot
When to Shut Down a System
When to Boot a System
6. Run Levels and Boot Files (Tasks)
Run Levels
The /etc/inittab File
Run Control Scripts
Run Control Script Summaries
7. Shutting Down a System (Tasks)
When to Shut Down the System
8. Booting a SPARC System (Tasks)
SPARC: Using the Boot PROM
Booting a SPARC System
9. Intel: Booting a System (Tasks)
Booting an x86 System
10. The Boot Process (Reference)
SPARC: The Boot PROM
SPARC: The Boot Process
SPARC: The Boot Process Details
x86: The PC BIOS
x86: Boot Subsystems
x86: The Boot Process
x86: The Boot Process Details
Part IV Managing Removable Media
11. Guidelines for Using CDs and Diskettes (Overview)
Where to Find Managing Removable Media Tasks
Features and Benefits
Comparison of Automatic and Manual Mounting
What You Can Do With Diskettes and CDs
12. Using CDs From the Command Line (Tasks)
Using CDs Task Map
Configuring Volume Management
13. Formatting and Using Diskettes From the Command Line (Tasks)
Formatting Diskettes Task Map
Using Diskettes Task Map
14. Using PCMCIA Memory Cards From the Command Line (Tasks)
Formatting PCMCIA Memory Cards Task Map
Using PCMCIA Memory Cards Task Map
15. How Volume Management Works (Overview)
Volume Management Mounts All Removable Media
Volume Management Provides Access to Diskettes
Volume Management Provides Access to CDs
Volument Management Supplies Convenient Mount Points for Easier Access
Volume Management Creates Two Sets of Symbolic Links
Volume Management Can Be Limited by UFS Formats
Part V Managing Software
16. Software Administration (Overview)
What's New in Software Administration
Where to Find Software Administration Tasks
Software Packages
Tools for Managing Software
What Happens When You Add or Remove a Package
What You Should Know Before Adding or Removing Packages
Guidelines for Client Software Administration
Guidelines for Removing Packages
Avoiding User Interaction When Adding Packages
17. Software Administration (Tasks)
Commands for Handling Software Packages
Known Problem With Adding and Removing Packages
Adding Packages
Using a Spool Directory
Adding Packages in a Homogeneous Client/Server Environment
Adding Packages in a Heterogeneous Client/Server Environment
Checking the Installation of Packages
Removing Packages From Servers and Standalone Systems
Adding and Removing Packages Using Admintool
18. Patch Administration (Overview)
What Is a Patch
Tools For Managing Patches
Patch Distribution
Patch Numbering
What Happens When You Install a Patch
What Happens When You Remove a Patch
Part VI Managing Devices
19. Device Management (Overview/Tasks)
About Device Drivers
Automatic Configuration of Devices
Adding a Peripheral Device to a System
Displaying Device Configuration Information
20. Accessing Devices (Overview)
Accessing Devices
Logical Disk Device Names
Logical Tape Device Names
Logical CD-ROM Device Names
Part VII Managing Disks
21. Disk Management (Overview)
Where to Find Disk Management Tasks
Introduction
Disk Terminology
About Disk Slices
The format Utility
About Disk Labels
Dividing a Disk Into Slices
22. Administering Disks (Tasks)
Administering Disks Task Map
Identifying Disks on a System
Formatting a Disk
Displaying Disk Slices
Creating and Examining a Disk Label
Recovering a Corrupted Disk Label
Adding a Third-Party Disk
Automatically Configuring SCSI Disk Drivers
Repairing a Defective Sector
Tips and Tricks
23. SPARC: Adding a Disk (Tasks)
SPARC: About System and Secondary Disks
SPARC: Adding a System or Secondary Disk Task Map
24. x86: Adding a Disk (Tasks)
x86: About System and Secondary Disks
x86: Adding a System or Secondary Disk Task Map
25. The format Utility (Reference)
Requirements or Restrictions for Using the format Utility
Recommendations for Preserving Information When Using format
Format Menu and Command Descriptions
Files Used by format--format.dat
Rules for Input to format Commands
Associated Man Pages
Part VIII Managing File Systems
26. File Systems (Overview)
What's New in File Systems?
Types of File Systems
File System Administration Commands
The Default Solaris File Systems
Swap Space
The UFS File System
Planning UFS File Systems
Mounting and Unmounting
Determining a File System's Type
27. Creating File Systems (Tasks)
Creating a UFS File System
Creating a Temporary File System (TMPFS)
Creating a Loopback File System (LOFS)
28. Mounting and Unmounting File Systems (Tasks)
Mounting File Systems
Unmounting File Systems
29. The Cache File System (Tasks)
How CacheFS Works
Setting Up a Cached File System Task Map
Specifying a File System to Be Mounted in the Cache
Maintaining a Cached File System Task Map
Maintaining the Cache
Managing Your Cache File Systems With cachefspack
Packing Lists
Unpacking Files
Displaying Packed Files Information
Viewing Help on the cachefspack Command
cachefspack Errors
CacheFS Statistics
Prerequisites for Setting Up and Viewing the CacheFS Statistics
Setting Up CacheFS Statistics
CacheFS Logging
Viewing the Cache Size
Viewing the Statistics
The Cache Structure and Behavior
Consistency Checking of Cached File Systems With the Back File System
30. Configuring Additional Swap Space (Tasks)
About Swap Space
How Do I Know If I Need More Swap Space?
How Swap Space Is Allocated
Planning for Swap Space
Monitoring Swap Resources
Adding More Swap Space
Removing a Swap File From Use
31. Checking File System Integrity
Understanding How the File System State Is Recorded
What fsck Checks and Tries to Repair
Modifying Automatic Boot Checking
Interactively Checking and Repairing a UFS File System
Restoring a Bad Superblock
Syntax and Options for the fsck Command
32. File System Reference
Default Directories for root (/) and /usr File Systems
The Platform-Dependent Directories
The Structure of UFS File System Cylinder Groups
Deciding on Custom File System Parameters
Commands for Creating a Customized File System
Part IX Backing Up and Restoring Data
33. Backing Up and Restoring File Systems (Overview)
What's New in Backing Up and Restoring File Systems
Where to Find Backup and Restore Tasks
Definition: Backing Up and Restoring File Systems
Why You Should Back Up File Systems
Choosing a Tape Device
Planning Which File Systems to Back Up
Overview of the Backup and Restore Commands
Choosing the Type of Backup
Guidelines For Scheduling Backups
Sample Backup Schedules
34. Backing Up Files and File Systems (Tasks)
Preparing to Do Backups
Doing Backups
35. Restoring Files and File Systems (Tasks)
Preparing to Restore Files and File Systems
Restoring Complete File Systems
Restoring Individual Files and Directories
Using a Remote Drive to Restore Files
Restoring File Systems
36. The ufsdump and ufsrestore Commands (Reference)
How ufsdump Works
Options and Arguments for the ufsdump Command
The ufsdump Command and Security Issues
Options and Arguments for the ufsrestore Command
37. Copying UFS Files and File Systems (Tasks)
Commands for Copying File Systems
Copying File Systems to Disk
Copying Directories Between File Systems using the cpio Command
Copying Files and File Systems to Tape
Copying Files to Tape With tar
Copying Files to a Tape With pax
Copying Files and File Systems to Diskette
Copying Files With a Different Header Format
38. Managing Tape Drives (Tasks)
Choosing Which Media to Use
Backup Device Names
Determining Tape Drive Types
Handling Magnetic Tape Cartridges
Guidelines for Drive Maintenance and Media Handling
Part X Managing Printing Services
39. Print Management (Overview)
What's New In Printing
Printing in the Solaris 2.6 Environment
The LP Print Service
Using the SunSoft Print Client Software
40. Planning Printers on Your Network (Overview)
Distributing Printers on the Network
Assigning Print Servers and Print Clients
Print Server Requirements and Recommendations
Planning for Printer Setup
41. Setting Up Printers (Tasks)
Updating SunSoft Print Clients to Access Existing Printers
Updating SunSoft Print Clients With Printer Information
Setting Up Printing
Setting Up Printing Task Map
Setting Up a Print Server
Setting Up a Print Client
Adding Access to a Remote Printer Using a Name Service
Enabling Print Clients to Access Existing Printers
Adding a Network Printer
42. Administering Printers (Tasks)
Managing Printers and the Print Scheduler
Setting or Resetting Miscellaneous Printer Definitions
Managing Print Requests
43. Managing Character Sets, Filters, Forms, and Fonts (Tasks)
Managing Character Sets
Managing Print Filters
Managing Forms
Managing Fonts
44. Customizing the LP Print Service (Tasks)
Adjusting Printer Port Characteristics
Adding a terminfo Entry for an Unsupported Printer
Customizing the Printer Interface Program
Creating a New Print Filter
Creating a New Printer Form
45. LP Print Service Reference Information
The LP Print Service
Part XI Working With Remote Systems
46. Working With Remote Systems (Tasks)
Logging In to a Remote System (rlogin)
Logging In to a Remote System (ftp)
Remote Copying With rcp
Part XII Managing Terminals and Modems
47. Managing Terminals and Modems (Overview)
Terminals, Modems, Ports, and Services
Tools for Managing Terminals and Modems
48. Setting Up Terminals and Modems (Tasks)
Setting Up Terminals and Modems
TroubleshootingTerminal and Modem Problems
49. Setting Up Terminals and Modems With the Service Access Facility (Tasks)
Using the Service Access Facility
Overall Administration: sacadm Command
Port Monitor Service Administrator: pmadm Command
Port Monitors: TTY Monitor and Network Listener
Administering ttymon Port Monitors
Administering ttymon Services
Administering listen Port Monitors
Administering listen Port Monitor Services
Troubleshooting the Network Listener: listen Port Monitor
Reference Material for Service Access Facility Administration
Part XIII Managing System Security
50. Managing System Security (Overview)
What's New in System Security
Where to Find System Security Tasks
Granting Access to a Computer System
File Security
System Security
Network Security
51. Securing Files (Tasks)
Introducing File Security
Displaying File Information
Changing File Ownership
Changing File Permissions
Using Special File Permissions (setuid, setgid and Sticky Bit)
Setting and Searching for Special Permissions
Using Access Control Lists (ACLs)
52. Securing Systems (Tasks)
Displaying Security Information
53. Using Authentication Services (Tasks)
Overview of Secure RPC
Administering Diffie-Hellman Authentication
Administering Kerberos Version 4 Authentication
Introduction to PAM
Overview of PAM
PAM Functionality
Configuring PAM
54. Using Automated Security Enhancement Tool (Tasks)
Automated Security Enhancement Tool (ASET)
Running ASET
Troubleshooting ASET Problems
Part XIV Managing System Resources
55. Managing System Resources (Overview)
Where to Find System Resource Tasks
What Are Quotas
Executing Routine Tasks Automatically
What is System Accounting
56. Examining and Changing System Information (Tasks)
Using Commands to Display System Information
Using Commands to Change System Information
57. Managing Disk Use (Tasks)
Displaying Blocks and Files Used
Checking the Size of Files
Checking the Size of Directories
Finding and Removing Old and Inactive Files
58. Managing Quotas (Tasks)
Using Quotas
Setting Up Quotas
Checking Quotas
Changing and Removing Quotas
59. Scheduling System Events (Tasks)
Commands for Scheduling System Events
Scheduling a Repetitive System Event (cron)
Creating and Editing crontab Files
Displaying crontab Files
Removing crontab Files
Controlling Access to crontab
Scheduling a Single System Event (at)
Controlling Access to at
60. Managing System Accounting (Tasks)
Setting Up System Accounting
Billing Users
Maintaining Accounting Information
Stopping and Disabling System Accounting
61. System Accounting (Reference)
Daily Accounting
Accounting Reports
Accounting Files
Part XV Managing System Performance
62. System Performance (Overview)
What's New in System Performance
Where to Find System Performance Tasks
System Performance and System Resources
Processes and System Performance
Disk I/O and System Performance
Memory and System Performance
Kernel Parameters and System Performance
About Monitoring Performance
63. Managing Processes (Tasks)
Displaying Information About Processes
Displaying Information About Processes (/proc Tools)
Controlling Processes (/proc Tools)
Killing a Process (kill)
Managing Process Class Information
64. Monitoring Performance (Tasks)
Displaying Virtual Memory Statistics (vmstat)
Displaying Disk Utilization Information
Displaying Disk Usage Statistics
Monitoring System Activities (sar)
65. Monitoring Network Performance (Tasks)
Monitoring Network Performance
66. Tuning Kernel Parameters (Tasks)
Listing the Kernel Parameters
67. The Scheduler (Reference)
About the Scheduler
Scheduler Class Policies
Scheduler Configuration
Part XVI Troubleshooting Solaris 2.6 Software Problems
68. Troubleshooting Software Problems (Overview)
Where to Find Software Troubleshooting Tasks
Troubleshooting a System Crash
Troubleshooting a System Crash Checklist
Viewing System Messages
Customizing System Message Logging
69. Generating and Saving System Crash Information
System Crashes
Using Crash Dumps Task Map
Enabling and Disabling Crash Dumps
70. Troubleshooting Miscellaneous Software Problems
What to Do If Rebooting Fails
What to Do If a System Hangs
What to Do If a File System Fills Up
What to Do If File ACLs Are Lost After Copy or Restore
Troubleshooting Backup Problems
71. Troubleshooting File Access Problems
Solving Problems With Search Paths (Command not found)
Solving File Access Problems
Recognizing Problems With Network Access
72. Troubleshooting Printing Problems
Tips on Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Printing Problems
73. Troubleshooting File System Problems
Error Messages
74. Troubleshooting Software Administration Problems
Specific Software Administration Errors
General Software Administration Problems
Index
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