Using the OpenStep Desktop
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............................Contents


Preface
xxxi

1. Starting and Ending a Work Session
1-1
...Logging In and Starting the OpenStep Desktop 1-2
...Your Workspace 1-2
...Screen Saver 1-4
...Adjusting Volume 1-4
...Using the Mouse 1-5
......Basic Mouse Actions 1-6
...Buttons, Text Fields, and Sliders 1-6
...Choosing Commands From Menus 1-10
...Clicking for Help 1-14
......Getting Help by Topic 1-15
......Buttons in the Help Panel 1-16
...Ending Your Work Session 1-16

2. Working With Windows
2-1
...Types of Windows 2-1
...Selecting a Window to Work In 2-4
...Reordering Windows That Overlap 2-6
......More Ways to Reorder Windows 2-7
...Moving a Window 2-8
...Resizing a Window 2-9
...Scrolling to See More 2-11
...How to Scroll--A Summary 2-13
...Miniaturizing a Window 2-16
...Closing a Window 2-17

3. Using the File Viewer
3-1
...File System 3-2
...As Seen in the File Viewer 3-3
...Opening a Folder 3-5
...Opening a File 3-7
...Which Application Opens a File 3-10
......Icons in the File System 3-11
...Browsing Files and Folders 3-13
...Listing Files and Folders 3-15
......What You See in the Listing View 3-16
...Stocking the Shelf 3-17
...Opening Folders and Files by Typing 3-20
...Selecting Several Files and Folders 3-22
...Opening a Folder in Its Own Window 3-25
......File Packages--Files That Are Really Folders 3-27
...Finding Files and Folders 3-28
......Shortcuts to Typing Path Names 3-30
......Options for Searching 3-31
...Personalizing Your File Viewer 3-32
...Network Perspective 3-35

4. Working With Applications
4-1
...Starting an OpenStep Application From the Dock 4-1
...Running Several Applications 4-3
...Switching to Another Application 4-4
...Hiding an Application 4-6
...Customizing the Application Dock 4-7
......When You Want to Locate a Docked Application 4-9
...Starting an Application Automatically 4-10
...Requesting Services From Other Applications 4-11
...Quitting an Application 4-13
......When the Quit Command Fails 4-14
...OpenStep Applications 4-14

5. Creating and Saving Files
5-1
...Creating a File 5-1
...Opening a File 5-3
...Saving a New File 5-4
...Guidelines for Naming Files and Folders 5-6
...Tricks in the Name Field 5-6
...Saving Changes 5-7
......When You Save an Edit Document 5-8
...Saving Another Version of a File 5-8
......Why Save? 5-10

6. Organizing Your Work
6-1
...Permissions Granted 6-2
...Creating a Folder 6-3
...Renaming a File or Folder 6-4
...Copying a File or Folder 6-5
...Moving a File or Folder 6-7
...When It Is a Copy or a Move 6-9
...Replacing a File or Folder 6-9
...Merging Two Folders 6-11
......How Merging Saves Time 6-12
...Creating a Link 6-12
......What Is a Link? 6-14
......Setting Options for Copying Links 6-15
......Options for Copying Links 6-15
...Compressing and Decompressing a File or Folder 6-16
...Deleting a File or Folder 6-18
...Retrieving a File or Folder From the Recycler 6-19
...Handling Several Files and Folders at Once 6-21
...Managing Several File Operations 6-23
...Solving File and Folder Problems 6-24
...Repeat Box 6-26

7. Inspecting Files and Folders
7-1
...Getting Information About a File or Folder 7-1
...When a File Is Not a File 7-3
...Previewing the Contents of a File 7-3
...Sorting Files and Folders 7-4
...Changing the Application That Opens a File 7-6
...Assigning a File or Folder to a New Group 7-8
...Changing Permissions for a File or Folder 7-9

8. Working With Disks
8-1
...Inserting a Floppy Disk 8-1
...Preparing a New Floppy Disk 8-3
...Creating a Folder Window for a Disk 8-4
......Other Disk Options 8-5
...Copying Files to or From a Disk 8-5
...DOS Disks 8-7
...When a File or Folder Does Not Fit on One Floppy Disk 8-7
...Reusing a Disk 8-8
...Ejecting a Disk 8-9
...Opening and Saving Files on a Floppy Disk 8-10

9. Typing and Editing
9-1
...Starting the Edit Application 9-1
...Typing Text 9-3
......Keyboard Basics 9-5
...Selecting Text 9-6
...Deleting and Replacing Text 9-7
...Moving and Copying Text 9-8
...Finding Text 9-9
...Replacing Text That You Find 9-11
...Setting a New Font 9-12
......Fonts and Special Characters 9-15
......What Is a Font? 9-15
...Previewing a Font 9-16
...Setting Margins, Indentation, and Tabs 9-17
......Margin Markers 9-19
......Tab Stop Markers 9-19
......Indentation Markers 9-20
...Checking Your Spelling 9-21
...Dictionary Options 9-23

10. Working With Color
10-1
...Where to Find the Colors Panel 10-1
...Using Color in a Document 10-2
...Creating Color Swatches 10-4
...Selecting a Color From the Color Wheel 10-5
...What Happens When You Print Colors 10-7
...Selecting Colors From the Screen 10-7
...Mixing Your Own Colors 10-9
...Using an Image as a Palette 10-14
...Adding an Image to the List of Palettes 10-15
......Using Part of an Image as a Palette 10-16
......Opacity and Transparency--When You Want Layers
........of Color 10-16
...Creating Your Own Color List 10-17
...If Your Application Supplies Color Lists 10-21

11. Working With Graphics
11-1
...Adding a Graphic Image 11-1
...Graphics File Formats 11-3
...Previewing Pages 11-3
...Previewing Graphic Images 11-5

12. Receiving and Sending Mail
12-1
...Starting Mail 12-1
......When a Mailbox Is Already in Use 12-3
...Opening Messages 12-3
...Listening to a Recording 12-5
...Opening a File or Folder in a Message 12-6
...Sending a Message 12-8
......What Is Plain Text Mail? 12-11
......Addresses and Some Options for Entering Them 12-11
...Attaching a File or Folder 12-12
...Forwarding a Message 12-14
...Replying to a Message 12-16
...Recording and Inserting Sound in a Message 12-17
...Editing Sound 12-19
...Saving a Draft 12-22
...Restoring a Draft 12-23

13. Managing the Mail Application
13-1
...Deleting Messages 13-1
...Compacting a Mailbox to Free Disk Space 13-3
...Looking Up Mail Addresses 13-5
......Understanding the Types Column 13-6
...Creating a Mail Address Book 13-7
...Creating Your Own Group Address 13-8
...Creating a Mailbox 13-10
...Moving Messages to Another Mailbox 13-12
...Finding Messages 13-14
...Focusing on a Group of Messages 13-16
...Tailoring How You Receive New Messages 13-18
...Setting a Sound to Announce New Messages 13-20
...Creating Headers for Messages You Send 13-21
...Tailoring Headers in Messages You Receive 13-23
...General Preferences 13-25
...Preferences for All the Messages You Send 13-27
...Expert Preferences 13-29

14. Printing
14-1
...Preparing a File for Printing 14-1
...Printing a File 14-2
......Print Panel Options 14-4
...Saving Your Pages as a PostScript File 14-5
......What Is a PostScript File? 14-6
......Why Save PostScript Files? 14-7

15. Personalizing the Workspace
15-1
...Starting the Preferences Application 15-2
...Hiding Menus 15-4
...Selecting a Standard Location for Menus 15-6
...Setting a Password 15-6
......What Makes a Password Secure 15-9
...Setting the Date 15-10
...Setting the Time 15-12
...Choosing an Application Locale 15-13
...Changing Units of Measurement 15-14
...Choosing a Paper Size 15-15
...Customizing the Services Menu 15-16
...Creating Keyboard Alternatives 15-18
...Changing the Fonts on the Screen 15-19
...Choosing a Font for Applications 15-21
...Setting Global File and Folder Permissions 15-22
...Displaying Large File Systems 15-23
...Displaying UNIX Files 15-24

16. Managing Hardware
16-1
...Setting the Screen Saver 16-1
...Changing the Background Color of the Display 16-2
...Choosing System Beeps and Warnings 16-4
...Adjusting Sound Volume 16-5
...Setting the Rate for Repeating Characters 16-6
...Choosing a Keyboard Arrangement 16-8
...Changing the Responsiveness of the Mouse 16-8

17. Using the Terminal Application
17-1
...Introduction to Terminal 17-2
...Setting Terminal Preferences 17-3
......Window Preferences 17-4
......Title Bar Preferences 17-6
......VT100 Emulation Preferences 17-7
......Display Preferences 17-8
......Activity Monitor Preferences 17-10
......Shell Preferences 17-11
......Startup Preferences 17-12
......Color Preferences 17-14
...Saving a Terminal Configuration for Later Use 17-14
...Printing the Contents of a Terminal Window 17-16
...Finding Text in a Terminal Window 17-16
...Defining Services for Use in Other Applications 17-18

A. Command Reference
A-1
...Standard Commands A-1
......Main Menu A-2
......Info Menu A-2
......Document Menu A-3
......Edit Menu A-3
......Format Menu A-5
......Windows Menu A-8
......Services Menu A-9
...Workspace Manager Commands A-10
......Workspace Menu A-10
......Workspace Manager Info Menu A-11
......Workspace Manager File Menu A-11
......Workspace Manager Edit Menu A-12
......Workspace Manager Disk Menu A-13
......Workspace Manager View Menu A-13
......Workspace Manager Tools Menu A-14
...Edit Commands A-15
......Edit Main Menu A-15
......Edit Info Menu A-16
...Mail Buttons and Commands A-17
......Buttons in a Mailbox Window A-17
......Buttons in a Compose Window A-17
......Mail Menu A-19
......Mail Info Menu A-20
......Mail Mailbox Menu A-21
......Mail Message Menu A-22
......Mail Compose Menu A-24
......Mail Edit Menu A-26
......Mail Format Menu A-27
......Mail Services Menu A-29
...Preferences Buttons and Commands A-29
......Preferences Buttons A-29
......Preferences Menu A-31
...Preview Commands A-31
......Preview Menu A-31
......Preview Info Menu A-32
......Preview Display Menu A-32
...Terminal Commands A-33
......Terminal Main Menu A-33
......Terminal Info Menu A-33
......Terminal Shell Menu A-33
......Terminal Edit Menu A-35

Glossary
Glossary-1

Index
Index-1