Index

Symbols


`/usr/lib`	18, 55, 56, 65, 67
`/usr/lib/ld.so.1`	53

A


ABI (see Application Binary Interface andSystem V Application BinaryInterface)
Application Binary Interface	4, 5, 94, 115
.....building a conformingapplication	15
ar(1)	12
archives	14
.....inclusion of shared objects in	88
.....link-editor processing	12
.....multiple passes through	12
.....naming conventions	14
as(1)	2

B


base address	193
binding	1
.....dependency ordering	90
.....lazy	60
.....to shared object dependencies	86, 126
.....to version definitions	126
.....to weak version definitions	130

C


cc(1)	1, 2, 9
`COMMON`	21, 34, 36, 150, 166
compilation environment	1, 4, 14, 84

D


data representation	141
debugging aids
.....link-editing	48
.....runtime linking	77
dependency ordering	90
dlclose(3X)	66
dlerror(3X)	66
`dlfcn.h`	66
dlopen(3X)	54, 66, 67 to 73, 131
.....effects of ordering	72
.....modes
............`RTLD_GLOBAL`	68, 73
............`RTLD_LAZY`	69
............`RTLD_NOW`	69
.....of a dynamic executable	68, 73
.....shared object naming conventions	85
dlsym(3X)	54, 66, 73 to 76, 132


.....special handle (see`RTLD_NEXT`)
dump(1)	5, 55, 58, 99, 101
dynamic executables	2, 3
dynamic information tags
.....`NEEDED`	55, 86
.....`RPATH`	56
.....`SONAME`	87
.....`TEXTREL`	101
dynamic linking	4
.....implementation	167 to 176, 199

E


ELF	2, 7, 97
.....(see also object files)	139
elf(3E)	5
environment variables
.....`LD_BIND_NOT`	80
.....`LD_BIND_NOW`	60, 80, 206
.....`LD_DEBUG`	77
.....`LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT`	78
.....`LD_LIBRARY_PATH`	17, 56, 65, 67, 90
.....`LD_OPTIONS`	10, 49
.....`LD_PRELOAD`	62, 65
.....`LD_PROFILE`	112
.....`LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT`	112
.....`LD_RUN_PATH`	19
.....`SGS_SUPPORT`	43
error messages
.....link-editor
............illegal argument to option	10
............illegal option	10
............incompatible options	11
............multiple instances of anoption	10
............multiply defined symbols	27
............relocations against non-writablesections	101
............shared object name conflicts	88
............soname conflicts	89
............symbol not assigned toversion	40
............symbol warnings	25, 26
............undefined symbols	28
............undefined symbols from animplicit reference	29
............version unavailable	134
......runtime linker
............copy relocation sizedifferences	110
............relocation errors	61, 129
............unable to find shared object	57, 68
............unable to find versiondefinition	128
............unable to locate symbol	75
exec(2)	7, 53, 140
executable and linking format (see ELF)

F


f77(1)	9
filters
......auxiliary	91, 95
......standard	91, 92

G


generating a shared object	30
generating an executable	28
generating the output file image	42
global offset table	42, 58, 101, 175, 213 to 215
global symbols	21, 116, 163 to 165

I


initialization and termination	9, 19, 64
input file processing	11
interface
......private	116
......public	116, 249
interposition	23, 24, 39, 59, 63, 76, 117
interpreter (see also runtime linker)

L


lazy binding	60
ld(1)	1, 2


`ld.so.1` (see also runtime linker)	1, 53
`LD_BIND_NOT`	80
`LD_BIND_NOW`	60, 80, 206
`LD_DEBUG`	77
`LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT`	78
`LD_LIBRARY_PATH`	17, 56, 65, 67, 90
`LD_OPTIONS`	10, 49
`LD_PRELOAD`	62, 65
`LD_PROFILE`	112
`LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT`	112
`LD_RUN_PATH`	19
ldd(1)	5, 55, 57, 59, 61, 128, 129
`libld.so.1`	66
libraries
.....archives	14
.....naming conventions	14
.....shared	167, 176, 199
link-editing	2, 162 to 176, 199
.....adding additional libraries	14
.....archive processing	12
.....binding to a version definition	126, 132
.....dynamic	167 to 176, 199
.....input file processing	11
.....library input processing	11
.....library linking options	11
.....mixing shared objects andarchives	15
.....multiply defined symbols	164 to 165
.....position of files on command line	16
.....search paths	16, 17
.....shared object processing	13
link-editor	1, 7
.....debugging aids	48
.....error messages (see error messages)
.....invoking directly	8
.....invoking using compiler driver	9
.....overview	7
.....sections	7
.....segments	7
.....specifying options	10
link-editor options
.....`-a`	246
......`-B dynamic`	15
......`-B reduce`	41
......`-B static`	15, 246
......`-D`	49
......`-d`	245, 246
......`-e`	43
......`-F`	92
......`-f`	92
......`-G`	83
......`-h`	86, 138, 247
......`-i`	18
......`-L`	17, 245
......`-l`	11, 14, 56, 84, 136, 245
......`-M`	8, 32, 33, 116, 118, 132, 227, 247, 252
......`-m`	14, 24
......`-R`	19, 90, 247, 248
......`-r`	246
......`-S`	43
......`-s`	42
......`-t`	25, 26
......`-u`	32, 131
......`-Y`	17
......`-z defs`	30
......`-z muldefs`	27
......`-z nodefs`	28, 61
......`-z noversion`	119, 128
......`-z text`	101, 247
link-editor output
......dynamic executables	2
......relocatable objects	2
......shared objects	2
......static executables	2
link-editor support interface
......`ld_atexit()`	44
......`ld_file()`	45
......`ld_section()`	45
......`ld_start()`	44
local symbols	21, 163 to 165
lorder(1)	13, 50

M


mapfiles	227 to 244
......defaults	239


.....error messages	243
.....example	236
.....map structure	240
.....mapping directives	233
.....segment declarations	229
.....size-symbol declarations	236
.....structure	228
.....syntax	228
.....usage	228
mmap(2)	53
multiply defined symbols	42, 163 to 165

N


naming conventions
.....archives	14
.....libraries	14
.....shared objects	14, 84
`NEEDED`	55, 86
nm(1)	5, 98

O


object files	2
.....base address	193
.....data representation	141
.....global offset table (see global offsettable)
.....note section	187 to 188
.....preloading at runtime	62
.....procedure linkage table (seeprocedure linkage table)
.....program header	189 to 192
.....program interpretor	204
.....program loading	195
.....relocation	167 to 176, 213
.....section alignment	151
.....section attributes	155 to 160
.....section header	148 to 160
.....section names	160
.....section types	152 to 160
.....segment contents	194 to 195
.....segment permissions	193 to 194
.....segment types	190 to 193
.....string table	161 to 162
......symbol table	162 to 167

P


paging	195 to 199
performance
......allocating buffers dynamically	105
......collapsing multiple definitions	104
......improving locality of references	106, 111
......maximizing shareability	102
......minimizing data segment	103
......position-independent code (seeposition-dependent code)
......relocations	106, 111
......the underlying system	100
......using automatic variables	104
position-independent code	100, 203 to 213
preloading objects (see`LD_PRELOAD`also)	62
procedure linkage table	43, 60, 101, 175, 215, 218
profil(2)	112
program interpreter	53, 204 to 205
......(see also runtime linker)
pvs(1)	5, 119, 122, 125, 127

R


relocatable objects	2
relocation	57 to 62, 106 to 111, 167 to 176
......copy	107
......data references	60
......function references	60
......non-symbolic	58, 106
......runtime linker
............symbol lookup	59, 60
......symbolic	58, 106
`RPATH` (see also runpath)	56
`RTLD_GLOBAL`	68, 73
`RTLD_LAZY`	69
`RTLD_NEXT` (see also dependencyordering)	73


`RTLD_NOW`	69
runpath	18, 56, 65, 67, 80, 90
runtime environment	4, 14, 84
runtime linker	1, 3, 53, 205
.....initialization and terminationroutines	64
.....lazy binding	60
.....loading additional objects	62
.....programming interface (see alsodlopen(3X) family ofroutines)	65
.....relocation processing	57
.....search paths	18, 55
.....security	64
.....shared object processing	54
.....version definition verification	128
runtime linking	3

S


SCD (see SPARC Compliance Definition)
search paths
.....link-editing	16
.....runtime linker	18, 55
section types
......bss	7, 104, 107
......data	7, 103
......dynamic	42, 53, 55
......dynstr	42
......dynsym	42
......fini	19, 64
......got	42, 58
......init	19, 64
......interp	53
......plt	43, 60, 112
......rodata	103
......strtab	7, 42
......symtab	7, 42
......text	7
sections	7, 97
.....(see also section types)
security	64
segments	7, 97
.....data	98, 100
......text	98, 100
`SGS_SUPPORT`	43
shared libraries (see shared objects)
shared objects	2, 4, 54
......as filters (see filters)
......building (see also performance)	83
......dependency ordering	90
......explicit definition	29
......implementation	167 to 176, 199
......implicit definition	29
......link-editor processing	13
......naming conventions	14, 84
......recording a runtime name	86
......with dependencies	89
size(1)	97
`SONAME`	87
SPARC Compliance Definition	5
static executables	2
strings(1)	104
strip(1)	42
symbol reserved names	42
......`_DYNAMIC`	42
......`_edata`	42
......`_end`	42
......`_etext`	42
......`_fini`	19
......`_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_`	42, 215
......`_init`	19
......`_PROCEDURE_LINKAGE_TABLE_`	43
......`_start`	43
......`main`	43
symbol resolution	21, 42
......complex	25
......fatal	26
......interposition (see interposition)
......multiple definitions	13
......simple	22
symbols
......absolute	34, 149, 166
......archive extraction	12
......auto-reduction	34, 40, 118, 252
......`COMMON`	21, 34, 36, 150, 166
......defined	21
......definition	12, 27


.....existance test	30
.....global	21, 23, 116, 163 to 165
.....local	21, 163 to 165
.....private interface	116
.....public interface	116
.....reference	12, 27
.....runtime lookup	69 to 77
............deferred	60
.....scope	69 to 73
.....tentative	12, 21, 31, 34, 36, 150
............ordering in the output file	31
............realignment	36
.....undefined	12, 21, 27, 28, 30
.....version definitions	130
.....weak	12, 23, 30, 164
System V Application BinaryInterface	250

T


tentative symbols	12, 21, 34, 36
`TEXTREL`	101
tsort(1)	13, 50

U


undefined symbols	27

V


versioning	115
.....base version definition	119
.....binding to a definition	126, 132
.....defining a public interface	40, 118
.....definitions	116, 117, 126
.....external filename	117, 253
.....generating definitions within animage	33, 40, 117
.....internal definitions	117
.....normalization	127
.....overview	115
.....runtime verification	128, 131
.....sections	160
.....symbol definitions	130
virtual addressing	195

W


weak symbols	23, 163 to 165
......undefined	30